Anesthesia MCQs on Levels of sedation and anesthesia

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: September 13, 2024

Inhaled anesthetic having sweet odor and is commonly used in surgery is?

A) Isoflurane
B) Sevoflurane
C) Desflurane
D) Nitrous oxide

Answer: B) Sevoflurane

Nitrous oxide (N2O) as an inhaled anesthetic, have an advantage of?

A) Rapid onset of action
B) Potent analgesic properties
C) Minimal metabolism in the body
D) Long duration of effect

Answer: C) Minimal metabolism in the body

Inhaled anesthetic having low blood-gas solubility and results in faster recovery is?

A) Halothane
B) Desflurane
C) Isoflurane
D) Nitrous oxide

Answer: B) Desflurane

Which type of inhaled anesthetic is associated with a potential for hepatotoxicity and is rarely used?

A) Sevoflurane
B) Desflurane
C) Enflurane
D) Nitrous oxide

Answer: C) Enflurane

Mechanism of action of inhaled anesthetics is?

A) NMDA receptors activation
B) GABAergic neurotransmission enhancement
C) To inhibit the neurotransmitter release
D) None of these

Answer: C) To Inhibiti the neurotransmitter release

____ is least soluble in blood and tissues, allowing for rapid induction and emergence?

A) Isoflurane
B) Desflurane
C) Sevoflurane
D) Halothane

Answer: B) Desflurane

Factor influencing the potency of inhaled anesthetics is?

A) Blood-gas partition coefficient
B) Vapor pressure
C) Solubility in lipids
D) Metabolism in the liver

Answer: A) Blood-gas partition coefficient

Higher risk of malignant hyperthermia is associated with which Inhaled anesthetic?

A) Isoflurane
B) Desflurane
C) Sevoflurane
D) Halothane

Answer: D) Halothane

Inhaled anesthetics are preferred over intravenous anesthetics because of?

A) Rapid onset of action
B) Precise control of anesthetic depth
C) Minimal risk of respiratory depression
D) Long duration of effect

Answer: B) Precise control of anesthetic depth

Inhaled Anesthetics VS Intravenous Anesthetics

AspectInhaled AnestheticsIntravenous Anesthetics
AdministrationInhaled through the respiratory systemAdministered directly into the bloodstream via IV
Onset of ActionSlower onsetRapid
Control of Depth of AnesthesiaEasier to titrate and adjustMay require continuous monitoring and adjustment
EliminationPrimarily eliminated via the lungsMetabolized by the liver and excreted by kidneys
ReversibilityReversal agents are limitedReversal agents are available for some drugs
Respiratory EffectsMay depress respirationGenerally has less impact on respiration
Cardiovascular EffectsCan cause vasodilation and hypotensionMay have variable cardiovascular effects
Patient CooperationRequires patient cooperationSuitable for patients who may not tolerate inhalation induction
Advantages·         Precise control of anesthesia depth

·         Suitable for prolonged procedures

·         Lower risk of drug accumulation

·         Rapid onset and offset of anesthesia

·         Can be used in patients with respiratory issues

Disadvantages·         Longer recovery times

·         May require specialized equipment

·         Expensive equipment and gases

·         Limited control over depth of anesthesia

·         Risk of drug accumulation and prolonged effects

·         Possibility of hemodynamic instability

·         Allergic reactions

Examples

 

 

·         Isoflurane

·         Sevoflurane

·         Desflurane

·         Propofol

·         Etomidate

·         Barbiturates

·         Ketamine

___causes airway irritation and cough upon inhalation.

A) Sevoflurane
B) Isoflurane
C) Desflurane
D) Nitrous oxide

Answer: C) Desflurane

Which of the following route is used in the elimination for inhaled anesthetics from the body?

A) Renal excretion
B) Hepatic metabolism
C) Pulmonary exhalation
D) Gastrointestinal absorption

Answer: C) Pulmonary exhalation

Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) means?

A) The concentration required for loss of consciousness in 50% of patients
B) The concentration required for muscle relaxation
C) The concentration required for analgesia
D) The concentration required for prevention of respiratory depression

Answer: A) The concentration required for loss of consciousness in 50% of patients

Inhaled anesthetic having pungent odor and can cause bronchoconstriction in susceptible individuals?

A) Isoflurane
B) Desflurane
C) Sevoflurane
D) Nitrous oxide

Answer: A) Isoflurane

Using nitrous oxide as a sole inhaled anesthetic has drawback ?

A) Slow onset of action
B) Lack of analgesic properties
C) High blood-gas solubility
D) Risk of hepatotoxicity

Answer: B) Lack of analgesic properties

High blood-gas solubility is associated with the following inhaled anesthetic?

A) Sevoflurane
B) Desflurane
C) Isoflurane
D) Enflurane

Answer: D) Enflurane

Primary concern linked with prolonged exposure to high concentrations of nitrous oxide?

A) Neurotoxicity
B) Hepatotoxicity
C) Nephrotoxicity
D) Hematotoxicity

Answer: A) Neurotoxicity

Name of the commonly used the inhaled anesthetic in patients with hepatic dysfunction is?

A) Isoflurane
B) Desflurane
C) Sevoflurane
D) Halothane

Answer: C) Sevoflurane

Topic-wise Anesthesia MCQs

  1. Anesthesiology MCQs
  2. Anesthesia Basics:
  3. Anesthesia Agents MCQs:
  4. Airway Management:
  5. Anesthesia Monitoring MCQs – Anesthesia:
  6. Regional Anesthesia MCQs :
  7. Patient Assessment and Optimization:
  8. Anesthesia Delivery Systems MCQs:
  9. Pediatric Anesthesia MCQs :
  10. Obstetric Anesthesia MCQs – Anesthesia:
  11. Anesthesia Complications and Emergencies MCQs:
  12. Post-Anesthesia Care MCQs:
  13. Geriatric Anesthesia:
  14. Ethics and Professionalism in Anesthesia MCQs:
  15. Simulation and Skills Training MCQs :