QUESTION: Which of the following disease is not caused by bacteria?
A Cholera
B Typhoid
C Tuberculosis
D Malaria
ANSWER: Malaria
| Aspect | Bacterial Diseases | Protozoan Diseases |
| Causative agent | · Caused by bacteria (single-celled microorganisms). | · Caused by protozoa (single-celled eukaryotic organisms). |
| Cell Structure | · Have distinct cell walls and cellular structures. | · Lack cell walls and have more complex cellular structures. |
| Cell Type | · Bacteria are prokaryotic cells without a nucleus. | · Protozoa are eukaryotic cells with a distinct nucleus. |
| Shape and size | · cocci · bacilli · Spiral · Typically smaller, with some exceptions. |
· Amoeboid
· Flagellated · Ciliated · Generally larger and more complex. |
| Transmission | · Through air
· Through infected water · Through direct contact |
· Through contaminated water and food Through vectors e.g., mosquitoes
· Through direct contact |
| Examples of Diseases | · Tuberculosis
· Cholera · Streptococcal infections · Typhoid |
· Malaria
· Amoebic dysentery · Giardiasis · Sleeping sickness also known as African trypanosomiasis |
| Mode of Reproduction | · Through binary fission | · Through binary fission
· Through budding etc. |
| Treatment | · Many bacterial diseases are treatable with antibiotics. | · Treated using antiprotozoal drugs. |
| Host Range | · Bacterial diseases can infect humans, animals, and plants. | · Protozoan diseases often have specific hosts, including humans and animals. |
| Immune Response | · Bacterial infections usually elicit an immune response. | · Protozoan infections may trigger immune responses, but some protozoa can evade immune detection. |
| Disease Mechanisms | · Bacteria cause diseases through production of toxins and invasion of host tissues etc. | · Protozoa cause diseases by damaging host tissues, interfering with normal functions. |
| Prevention | · Prevention involves hygiene, sanitation, vaccination and antibiotics. | · Prevention includes water and food safety, vector control and public health measures. |