Botany MCQsBy: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: May 14, 2025 65 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/65 Subscribe 1. What is the method of water exudation through hydathodes called? (A) Guttation (B) Transpiration (C) Evaporation (D) Bleeding 2. Basal placentation originates in which plant family? (A) Malvaceae (B) Solanaceae (C) Fabaceae (D) Asteraceae 3. Insectivorous plants grow in which type of soil? (A) Nitrogen rich soil (B) Nitrogen deficient soil (C) Potassium deficient soil (D) Carbohydrate rich soil 4. In a pond ecosystem, what does benthos refer to? (A) Zooplanktons on water surface (B) Large fishes eating small ones (C) Primary consumers in the bottom of a pond (D) All phytoplankton’s 5. What do the “eyes” on potato tubers signify? (A) Rootlets (B) Nodes with buds (C) Scars (D) Sutures 6. Which fungus lacks mycelium? (A) Puccinia (B) Rhizopus (C) Saccharomyces (D) Mucor 7. Which organelles are involved in photorespiration? (A) Glyoxysomes, chloroplast and mitochondria (B) Chloroplast, peroxisome and glythisome (C) Mitochondria, peroxisome and glyoxysomes (D) Chloroplast, mitochondria and peroxisome 8. ΦX174 has which type of genetic material? (A) Single stranded DNA (B) Single stranded RNA (C) Double stranded RNA (D) Double stranded DNA 9. Floridean starch is found in which group of algae? (A) Chlorophyceae (B) Myxophyceae (C) Phaeophyceae (D) Rhodophyceae 10. Which hormone reduces transpiration by inducing stomatal closure? (A) ABA (B) Ethylene (C) Cytokinin (D) Auxin 11. In C4 plant leaves, Kranz anatomy is characterized by: (A) Palisade parenchyma (B) Mesophyll (C) Vascular bundles surrounded by bundle sheath (D) Spongy parenchyma 12. The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is mainly composed of: (A) Lipopolysaccharide (B) Peptidoglycan (C) Cellulose (D) Protein 13. What is the conversion of nitrates to nitrogen called? (A) Nitrification (B) Ammonification (C) Denitrification (D) Nitrogen fixation 14. What is the primary CO₂ acceptor in C₃ plants? (A) PEP (B) PGA (C) RuBP (D) FAD 15. Which hormone promotes fruit ripening? (A) Auxin (B) Cytokinin (C) Gibberellin (D) Ethylene 16. How many substrate level phosphorylation steps occur in glycolysis? (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 17. What role does oxygen play in respiration? (A) Oxidizing agent (B) Reducing agent (C) Catalyst (D) Inhibitor 18. Who discovered the citric acid cycle? (A) Robert Hooke (B) Krebs (C) Calvin (D) Pasteur 19. From which part of the root do root hairs develop? (A) Cortex (B) Epidermis (C) Endodermis (D) Stele 20. Cork cambium originates from which part of the plant? (A) Cortex (B) Epidermis (C) Pericycle (D) Hypodermis 21. Which meristem contributes to the increase in girth of plants? (A) Apical meristem (B) Lateral meristem (C) Intercalary meristem (D) Primary meristem 22. What is the technique of growing plants from a small tissue in artificial medium called? (A) Hybridization (B) Grafting (C) Tissue culture (D) Vegetative propagation 23. Which of the following is NOT an essential micronutrient for plants? (A) Molybdenum (B) Magnesium (C) Zinc (D) Copper 24. Root nodules in leguminous plants form due to infection by: (A) Azotobacter (B) Rhizobium (C) Nostoc (D) Anabaena 25. Which plant hormone is responsible for phototropism? (A) Cytokinin (B) Auxin (C) Gibberellin (D) Ethylene 26. The product of light reaction used in dark reaction is: (A) NADP⁺ (B) NADPH (C) ADP (D) Oxygen 27. The functional unit of a kidney is: (A) Glomerulus (B) Bowman’s capsule (C) Nephron (D) Henle’s loop 28. Which one of the following elements is important for photolysis of water? (A) Manganese (B) Magnesium (C) Iron (D) Copper 29. Opening and closing of stomata are due to: (A) Water absorption (B) Water loss (C) Change in turgor pressure of guard cells (D) Secretion of oil 30. Double fertilization is found in: (A) Gymnosperms (B) Angiosperms (C) Bryophytes (D) Pteridophytes 31. Which among the following is called the “suicidal bag” of a cell? (A) Ribosome (B) Lysosome (C) Mitochondrion (D) Golgi apparatus 32. The powerhouse of the cell is: (A) Lysosome (B) Ribosome (C) Mitochondrion (D) Plastid 33. Which structure regulates the movement of molecules in and out of a cell? (A) Cell wall (B) Cell membrane (C) Nucleus (D) Cytoplasm 34. Which of the following is a connective tissue? (A) Blood (B) Skin (C) Muscle (D) Nerve 35. Which muscular tissue is involuntary, non-striated, and found in the walls of internal organs? (A) Cardiac muscle (B) Smooth muscle (C) Skeletal muscle (D) Voluntary muscle 36. Bone to bone connections are called: (A) Tendons (B) Ligaments (C) Cartilage (D) Areolar tissue 37. Which part of the brain controls voluntary actions? (A) Cerebrum (B) Cerebellum (C) Medulla oblongata (D) Pons 38. The master gland of the human body is: (A) Thyroid gland (B) Pituitary gland (C) Adrenal gland (D) Pancreas 39. In which part of the alimentary canal is the digestion of protein initiated? (A) Mouth (B) Stomach (C) Small intestine (D) Large intestine 40. Which blood cells are responsible for immunity? (A) Red blood cells (B) White blood cells (C) Platelets (D) All of the above 41. The respiratory pigment in human beings is: (A) Hemoglobin (B) Chlorophyll (C) Myoglobin (D) Carotene 42. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart? (A) Veins (B) Arteries (C) Capillaries (D) Venules 43. Which organ in the human body is responsible for removing nitrogenous waste? (A) Heart (B) Liver (C) Lungs (D) Kidney 44. The structural and functional unit of the kidney is called: (A) Neuron (B) Nephron (C) Alveoli (D) Glomerulus 45. Which part of the plant is responsible for absorption of water and minerals? (A) Root hairs (B) Stem (C) Leaves (D) Flowers 46. In which form do plants transport food? (A) Glucose (B) Sucrose (C) Fructose (D) Starch 47. Transpiration in plants takes place through: (A) Roots (B) Stem (C) Stomata (D) Flowers 48. Which of the following organisms can prepare their own food? (A) Animals (B) Fungi (C) Algae (D) Protozoa 49. Which hormone regulates the amount of sugar in the blood? (A) Thyroxine (B) Insulin (C) Adrenaline (D) Growth hormone 50. The basic unit of nervous tissue is: (A) Nerve (B) Brain (C) Neuron (D) Axon 51. Moll’s experiment clarifies that___________ (A) Carbon dioxide is essential for photosynthesis (B) Chlorophyll and water are necessary for photosynthesis (C) Light and water are essential for photosynthesis (D) All of the above are correct 52. Energy transfer from one trophic level to other in a food chain is_____%? (A) 10% (B) 20% (C) 1% (D) 2% 53. Stem is reduced in______ of the following? (A) Rhizome (B) Corm (C) Bulb (D) Tuber 54. Heterophilly of Limnophila is_______? (A) Environmental (B) Developmental (C) Habitual (D) Adaptive 55. Synandrous condition is the fusion of _________? (A) Filaments only (B) Both filaments and anthers (C) Anthers only (D) Petals 56. Which one of the following yields sunn hemp? (A) Corchorus (B) Hibiscus (C) Crotolaria (D) Cannabis 57. Rod-shaped elongated thick-walled lignified dead cells found in seed coat of pulses (Legumes) are_______________ . (A) Macrosclereids (B) Astrosclereids (C) Brachysclereids (D) Osteosclereids 58. Dicot root having more than six vascular bundles are found in _______ of the following? (A) Pea (B) Sunflower (C) Ficus (D) Ranunculus 59. Which of the following regulator gene controls chemical synthesis? (A) Inhibiting transcription of mRNA (B) Inhibiting enzymes (C) Inhibiting passage of mRNA (D) Inhibiting substrate enzyme reaction 60. ‘Illegitimate crossing over’ is another _______ term. (A) Transition (B) Transversion (C) Reciprocal translocation (D) None of the above 61. A substance unrelated to substrate but capable of reversibly changing activity of enzyme by binding to a site other than active site is called_______? (A) Competitive inhibitor (B) Non-competitive inhibitor (C) Catalytic inhibitor (D) Allosteric modulator/inhibitor 62. Golgi apparatus is absent in which of the following? (A) Higher plants (B) Yeast (C) Bacteria and blue-green algae (D) Liver cells 63. Which one of the following is common amongst nucleus, chloroplast and mitochondria? (A) Cristae (B) Thylakoids (C) Nucleic acid (D) Carbohydrate metabolism 64. From the following________ is a reproductive structure of Sporocarp? (A) Some algae (B) Some aquatic ferns (C) Angiosperms having spores (D) Bryophytes 65. Pond ecosystem shows _______? (A) Inverted pyramid of number (B) Inverted pyramid of biomass (C) Upright pyramid of biomass (D) Inverted pyramid of energy Read More MCQs of Botany SET 1: Botany MCQs SET 2: Botany MCQs SET 3: Botany MCQs SET 4: Botany MCQs Plant Kingdom MCQs Physiology Of Plants Pathogens MCQs Related Posts:Botany books MCQsBotany MCQS For MBBS Entry TestSemester Wise Courses Of Bachelors in BotanySemester Wise Courses Of MSc in BotanySemester Wise Courses Of MPhil in BotanyMaster in Botany is not eligible for lecturer in Biotechnology