By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: September 23, 2024
Which of the following is a valid state for a transaction?
a) Ready
b) Aborted
c) Incomplete
d) LockedAnswer: b) Aborted
What is the initial state of a transaction when it starts execution?
a) Committed
b) Active
c) Failed
d) Partially CommittedAnswer: b) Active
In which state is a transaction when it has completed all operations successfully and changes have been made permanent?
a) Active
b) Committed
c) Aborted
d) FailedAnswer: b) Committed
Which state indicates that a transaction has been initiated but has not yet been fully executed or committed?
a) Aborted
b) Active
c) Committed
d) Partially CommittedAnswer: b) Active
What happens to a transaction in the Aborted state?
a) Its changes are permanently applied to the database.
b) It has completed its execution successfully.
c) All changes made by the transaction are rolled back, and it does not affect the database.
d) It is pending and waiting for external confirmation.Answer: c) All changes made by the transaction are rolled back, and it does not affect the database.
Which state is entered after a transaction has executed all its operations but has not yet been committed?
a) Active
b) Partially Committed
c) Failed
d) AbortedAnswer: b) Partially Committed
Which of the following states is used to denote that a transaction has encountered an error and will not proceed further?
a) Active
b) Committed
c) Aborted
d) Partially CommittedAnswer: c) Aborted
In which state does a transaction wait for the system to ensure that all its operations are safe to commit?
a) Active
b) Committed
c) Partially Committed
d) FailedAnswer: c) Partially Committed
Which of the following actions is performed when a transaction transitions from the Active state to the Committed state?
a) Rollback of all changes
b) Permanent application of changes to the database
c) System reboots
d) Transaction logs are deletedAnswer: b) Permanent application of changes to the database
Which state follows the Failed state if the transaction is resolved and able to continue?
a) Active
b) Committed
c) Partially Committed
d) AbortedAnswer: a) Active
Which of the following describes the transition from the Active state to the Aborted state?
a) The transaction is completed, and its changes are applied.
b) The transaction has been found to be in error, and all changes are undone.
c) The transaction is waiting for external confirmation.
d) The transaction has partially completed its operations.Answer: b) The transaction has been found to be in error, and all changes are undone.
What is the role of the log manager in the transaction lifecycle?
a) To monitor and manage transaction states
b) To record changes made by transactions for recovery purposes
c) To initiate transactions
d) To allocate system resources for transactionsAnswer: b) To record changes made by transactions for recovery purposes
Which state of a transaction represents that it has executed some operations but is still in progress and not yet committed?
a) Aborted
b) Partially Committed
c) Active
d) FailedAnswer: b) Partially Committed
In which state does a transaction undergo a system check to determine if it should be rolled back or committed?
a) Active
b) Partially Committed
c) Failed
d) AbortedAnswer: b) Partially Committed
If a transaction fails and cannot be recovered, what state does it ultimately reach?
a) Active
b) Committed
c) Partially Committed
d) AbortedAnswer: d) Aborted
