NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: February 3, 2024

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY MCQs This reaction is an example of ⁴¹₂₀Ca → ⁴¹₁₉K

1. Electron capture
2. Neutron emission
3. Alpha decay
4. Gamma emission

Electron capture

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What is the missing product from the given reaction? 12153i → ¹²¹₅₂Te + …..

1. β+
2. β-
3. ¹₀n
4. ⁴₂He

β+

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Nuclei above the belt of stability can lower their neutron-to-proton ratio by________.

1. Electron capture
2. Gamma emission
3. Positron emission
4. Beta emission

Beta emission

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Which are fundamental particles of an atom?

1. Positron
2. Neutron
3. Proton
4. All of A, B, and C

Proton

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The reaction shown below is responsible for creating ¹⁴C in the atmosphere. What is the bombarding particle? ¹⁴₇N + _______ → ¹⁴₆C + ¹₁H

1. Alpha particle
2. Electron
3. Positron
4. Neutron

Neutron

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This reaction is an example of which of the following? ²¹⁰₈₄Po → ²⁰⁶₈₂Pb + …….

1. Gamma emission
2. Beta emission
3. Alpha decay
4. Positron

Alpha decay

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All atoms of a given element have the same

1. Atomic number
2. Number of nucleons.
3. Atomic mass.
4. Mass number

Atomic number

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Which one of the following processes results in an increase in the atomic number?

1. Gamma emission
2. β+ decay
3. Alpha emission
4. β- decay

β- decay

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Which type of radioactive decay results in no change in mass number and atomic number for the starting nucleus?

1. Gamma emission
2. Beta decay
3. Electron capture
4. Alpha decay

Gamma emission

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What happens to the mass number and the atomic number of an element when it emits gamma radiation?

1. The mass number and atomic numbers remain unchanged.
2. The mass number increases by four and the atomic number increases by two.
3. The mass number remains unchanged while the atomic number increases by one.
4. The mass number decreases by four and the atomic number decreases by two.

The mass number and atomic numbers remain unchanged

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Which one of the following is not a fissile material?

1. ²³⁵₉₂U
2. ²³⁹₉₄Pu
3. ²³³₉₂ U
4. ²³⁸₉₂U

²³⁸₉₂U

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What happens to the mass number and the atomic number of an element when it undergoes B decay?

1. Neither the mass number nor the atomic number change.
2. The mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2.
3. The mass number increases by 2 and the atomic number increases by 1.
4. The mass number does not change and the atomic number increases by 1.

The mass number does not change and the atomic number increases by 1

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Of the following processes, which one changes the atomic number?

1. Alpha emission
2. Beta emission
3. Electron capture
4. All of A, B, and C processes

All of A, B, and C processes 18

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Two isotonic nucleides X and Y have mass numbers 35 and 37 respectively, If the atomic number of X is 17, the atomic number of Y will be

1. 19
2. 17
3. 18
4. 15

19

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A specific isotope has an atomic number of 18 and a mass number of 35. How many electrons are there in the neutral atom?

1. 34
2. 35
3. 17
4. 18

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Atoms containing radioactive nuclei are called

1. Radioisophores
2. Nucleons
3. Nuclides
4. Radionuclides

Radionuclides

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The total mass of protons and neutrons of 28. an isotope is not equal to the actual mass of nuclide. This is because of

1. Binding energy
2. Radioactivity
3. Attraction between neutron and electron
4. None of A, B, and C

Binding energy

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When n/p ratio of a nuclide of an element is greater than n/p ratio of a stable nuclide of the element, it disintegrates emitting

1. Beta-particle
2. Alpha-particle
3. Neutrons
4. Gamma-rays

Beta-particle

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A negative value for the packing fraction Shows that the nuclide is

1. Radioactive
2. Very unstable
3. Stable.
4. Fissile

Stable

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One Curie (Ci) is equal to

3. 3.7 × 10⁶ dpm
4. 3.7 x 10¹⁰ dpm
5. 3.7 x 10¹⁰ dph
6. 3.7 x 10¹⁰ dpe

3.7 x 10¹⁰ dpe

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The nuclear decay follows which order

1. 1^st order
2. 3^rd order
3. 2^nd order
4. Zero order

1^st order

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Nuclides with same atomic number and mass number but differing in nuclear properties are called

1. Nuclear isomers
2. Isotones
3. Isobars
4. Isotopes

Nuclear isomers

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Radioactivity is a nuclear process. It remains unaffected by external factor(s) such as

1. Temperature
2. Pressure
3. Catalyst
4. All of A, B, and C

All of A, B, and C

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Which radiation is emitted during nuclear decay?

1. Alpha rays
2. Beta rays
3. Gamma rays
4. All of A, B, and C

All of A, B, and C

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Which particle is not accelerated in particle accelerators?

1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. All of A, B, and C

Neutron

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Which is/are industrial applications of tracers?

1. Measurement of bulk flow
2. Mixing efficiency
3. Leak measurement
4. All of A, B, and C

All of A, B, and C

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Which is a characteristic of unstable isotopes?

1. High packing fraction
2. High n/p ratio
3. Lows binding energy
4. None of A, B, and C

High n/p ratio

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The process of splitting of a heavier nucleus into several fragments by bombarding with suitable high speed projectile is called

1. Spallation reaction
2. Nuclear fission
3. Nuclear fusion
4. Beta decay

Spallation reaction

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Which device(s) is helpful and used as particle accelerator?

1. Cyclotron
2. Synchroton
3. Linear accelerator
4. All of A, B, and C

All of A, B, and C

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Which technique is helpful and used to find the age of the old wooden objects or animal fossils?

1. C-14 dating
2. C-13 dating
3. C-12 dating
4. Beta decay

C 14 dating

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The process of splitting of a heavier nucleus into smaller fragments by bombarding with suitable subatomic particle is called

1. Nuclear fission
2. Nuclear fusion
3. Spallation reaction
4. Beta decay

Nuclear fission

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Atomic bomb is based on which nuclear process

1. Nuclear fusion
2. Beta decay
3. Spallation reaction
4. Nuclear fission

Nuclear fission

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Which nuclide(s) is helpful and used as nuclear fuel?

1. U-235
2. U-233
3. Pu-239
4. All of A, B, and C

All of A, B, and C

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What is the SI unit of activity?

1. Curie
2. Rad
3. Becquerel
4. None of A, B, and C

Becquerel

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Controlled nuclear fission process is carried out in

1. Neutron bomb
2. Atomic bomb
3. Hydrogen bomb
4. Nuclear reactor

Nuclear reactor

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The process in which lighter nuclides fuse together to form a heavy nuclide and more stable nuclides is called

1. Spallation reaction
2. Nuclear fission
3. Nuclear fusion
4. Beta decay

Nuclear fusion

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Which substance is helpful and used as moderator to slow down the speed of neutron in reactor?

1. Soft water
2. Aluminum
3. Diamond
4. Heavy water

Heavy water

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Which substance is helpful and used as control rods in nuclear reactor?

1. Ca
2. Al
3. Graphite
4. B

B

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Which are medical applications of radioisotopes?

1. Relief of Leukemia
2. Relief of cancer
3. Treatment of goiter
4. All of A, B, and C

All of A, B, and C

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Naturally occurring uranium contains only which % of U-235?

1. 0.71%
2. 0.3%
3. 0.5%
4. 0.1%

0.71%

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A stable nuclide has in general

1. Even no of protons and even no of neutrons
2. Odd no of protons and odd no of neutrons
3. Equal no of protons and neutrons
4. Odd no of protons and even no of neutrons

Even no of protons and even no of neutrons

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The instability of a nuclide is due to

1. High electron proton ratio
2. Low neutron electron ratio
3. Low electron proton ratio
4. High neutron proton ratio

High neutron proton ratio

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Which particles are considered to be responsible for keeping nucleons together?

1. Mesons
2. Neutrons
3. Positrons
4. Protons

Mesons

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Isotopes contain same number of

1. Neutrons
2. Electrons
3. Positrons
4. Protons

Protons

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Al²⁹ is expected to disintegrate by

1. Alpha-emission
2. Proton emission
3. Positron emission
4. Beta-emission

Beta-emission

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Which device is helpful and used to accelerate the particles?

1. Cyclotron
2. Linear accelerator
3. Synchroton
4. All of A, B, and C

All of A, B, and C

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Which reactions are common in sun and stars?

1. Thermonuclear reactions
2. Redox reactions
3. Displacement reactions
4. Fission reactions

Thermonuclear reactions

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Which device is helpful and used to carry out controlled nuclear reaction?

1. Nuclear reactor
2. Neutron bomb
3. Hydrogen bomb
4. Atomic bomb

Nuclear reactor

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Which is artificial series?

1. The neptunium series
2. The actinium series
3. The thorium series
4. The uranium series

The neptunium series

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Which methods are/is helpful and used to detect radioactivity?

1. Photography
2. Gas ionization method
3. Scintillation method
4. All of A, B, and C

All of A, B, and C

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1 amu is equal to

931. 931.5 Mev
932. 931.5 kev
933. 93.15 Mev
934. 931.5 ev

931.5 Mev

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Decrease in atomic number is not observed during

1. Alpha-emission
2. Electron emission
3. Positron emission
4. Beta-emission

Beta-emission

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The nuclear isomers vary in ______ .

1. Number of neutrons
2. Mass number
3. Number of protons
4. Half-life period

Half-life period

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U²³⁸ is expected to disintegrate by alpha mission. The mass number and atomic number of the product is

1. 236, 92
2. 238, 962
3. 240, 90
4. 34, 80

234, 90

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Which equation represents the relationship between half-life and decay constant?

1. t_1/2 = k
2. t_1/2 = 1/k
3. t_1/2 = 0.693/k
4. t_1/3 = 0.693 k

t_1/2 = 0.693/k

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The instability of a nucleus is attributed to

1. High proton: electron ratio
2. High proton: neutron ratio
3. Low proton: electron ratio
4. High neutron: electron ratio

High proton: neutron ratio

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Mesons are responsible for

1. Attraction between nucleus
2. Attraction between nucleons.
3. Disintegration of nucleus
4. Repulsion between the proton in the nucleus

Attraction between nucleons

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In balancing the nuclear reaction ²³⁸₉₂U → ²³⁴xE + ⁴₂He, the value of x is __________

1. 92
2. 94
3. 234/2
4. 90

90

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The protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom undergo inter conversion through the exchange of

1. Positrons
2. Neutral mesons
3. Mucons
4. Charged mesons

Charged mesons

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The amount of energy needed to break the nucleus into its constituents is called

1. Binding energy
2. Thermal energy
3. Kinetic energy
4. Nuclear energy

Binding energy

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Which is not a mode of self-dissociation of radioisotopes?

1. Fission.
2. Beta-emission
3. Alpha-emission
4. Electron capture

Fission

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The activity of a radioactive isotope decreases with

1. Pressure1
2. Temperature
3. Chemical environment
4. None of A, B, and C

None of A, B, and C

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The radiation having high penetration power is

1. Gamma rays
2. Beta- rays
3. Cathode rays
4. Alpha-rays

Alpha-rays

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If a nuclide has large ratio of p/n, it will emit

1. Neutrons
2. Gamma particles
3. Beta-particles
4. Alpha-particles

Alpha-particles

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The n/p of stable isotopes breaks off from the hypothetical 1:1 n/p plot at the atomic number

1. 10
2. 30
3. 40
4. 20

20

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The hydrogen isotope tritium emits

1. Gamma rays
2. Neutron
3. Alpha-particles
4. Beta-particles

Beta-particles

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Which has a negative charge?

1. Positron
2. Neutron
3. Neutrino.
4. Antiproton

Antiproton

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Which isotopes is helpful and used in establishing the mechanism of photosynthesis in plants?

1. C¹⁴
2. C¹²
3. C¹³
4. H²

C¹⁴

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____ is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of changes within the nucleus.

1. Nuclear chemistry
2. Photochemistry
3. Surface chemistry
4. Polymer

Nuclear chemistry

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Which isotopes is helpful and used in establishing the age of dead animals and plants?

1. H²
2. C¹²
3. C¹⁴
4. C¹⁸

C¹⁴

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