Chemical formula of ethanol

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: February 3, 2024

The Chemical formula of ethanol  is C2H5OH.

Characteristics of ethanol

CharacteristicDescription
Chemical formulaC2H5OH
Molar mass46.07 g/mol
Physical state at room temperatureClear and  colorless liquid
OdorSlightly sweet
Boiling point78.4°C (173.1°F)
Melting point-114.1°C (-173.4°F)
Density0.789 g/cm³ at 20°C
SolubilityMiscible in water and many organic solvents
FlammabilityHighly flammable liquid
ToxicityToxic if ingested in large amounts
UsesAlcoholic beverages are produced using solvents, fuels, disinfectants, and antiseptics.

Reaction of ethanol with Alkali metal

Alkali metalReaction with ethanol
Lithium (Li)2Li + 2C2H5OH convert to 2C2H5OLi + H2
Sodium (Na)2Na + 2C2H5OH convert to 2C2H5ONa + H2
Potassium (K)2K + 2C2H5OH convert to 2C2H5OK + H2
Rubidium (Rb)2Rb + 2C2H5OH convert to 2C2H5ORb + H2
Cesium (Cs)2Cs + 2C2H5OH convert to 2C2H5OCs + H2

 

Reaction of ethanol with Alkaline earth metal

Alkaline earth metalReaction with ethanolProduct name
BerylliumBe + 2C2H5OH convert to Be(OC2H5)2 + H2Beryllium ethoxide
MagnesiumMg + 2C2H5OH convert to Mg(OC2H5)2 + H2Magnesium ethoxide
Calcium Ca + 2C2H5OH convert to Ca(OC2H5)2 + H2Calcium ethoxide
StrontiumSr + 2C2H5OH convert to Sr(OC2H5)2 + H2Strontium ethoxide
BariumBa + 2C2H5OH convert to Ba(OC2H5)2 + H2Barium ethoxide

Reaction of ethanol with Transition metal

Transition metalReaction with ethanolProduct(s)
Iron (Fe)2Fe + 6C2H5OH convert to 2Fe(OC2H5)3 + 3H2Iron(III) ethoxide
Copper (Cu)2Cu + 4C2H5OH convert to 2CuOC2H5 + 3H2Copper(I) ethoxide
Silver (Ag)4Ag + 4C2H5OH convert to 4C2H5OAg + 2H2 + O2Silver ethoxide
Platinum (Pt)Pt + 4C2H5OH convert to Pt(OC2H5)2 + 2H2Platinum(II) ethoxide

 

Reaction of ethanol with Post-transition metal

Post-transition metalReaction with ethanolProduct(s)
Aluminum (Al)2Al + 6C2H5OH convert to 2Al(OC2H5)3 + 3H2Aluminum ethoxide
Zinc (Zn)Zn + 2C2H5OH convert to Zn(OC2H5)2 + H2Zinc ethoxide
Tin (Sn)Sn + 4C2H5OH convert to Sn(OC2H5)4 + 2H2Tin ethoxide
Lead (Pb)Pb + 2C2H5OH convert to Pb(OC2H5)2 + H2Lead ethoxide

 

Reaction of ethanol with Non-metal

Non-metalReaction with ethanolProduct(s)
Carbon (C)C2H5OH convert to CO + 3H2Carbon monoxide and  hydrogen gas
Hydrogen (H)C2H5OH + H2 convert to CH3CHO + H2OAcetaldehyde and  water
Chlorine (Cl)C2H5OH + Cl2 convert to C2H5Cl + HClChloroethane and  hydrogen chloride gas
Oxygen (O)C2H5OH + 1/2O2 convert to CH3CHO + H2OAcetaldehyde and  water

 

More formula

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