The chemical formula of ice is H2O
Chemical properties of ice
| Properties | Detail |
| Combustibility | Can burn or support combustion |
| Oxidation | Can undergo oxidation reactions |
| pH | Measure of acidity or alkalinity |
| Reaction with Acids | Produces water and a salt when reacted with acids |
| Reaction with Metals | Can react with certain metals to form metal hydroxides |
| Reactivity with Organic Compounds | Can react with organic substances |
Physical properties of ice
| Properties | Detail |
| Crystal Structure | Hexagonal arrangement of water molecules |
| Density | Mass per unit volume |
| Electrical Conductivity | Ability to conduct electricity |
| Freezing Point | Temperature at which water changes to ice |
| Heat Capacity | Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of ice |
| Melting Point | Temperature at which ice changes to water |
| Refractive Index | Measure of how light bends in ice |
| Solubility | Ability to dissolve in water |
| Thermal Conductivity | Ability to conduct heat |
Reactions of ice with Alkali Metal
| Alkali Metal | | Chemical Equation |
| Lithium | | 2Li + H2O react and change into 2LiOH + H2 |
| Sodium | | 2Na + H2O react and change into 2NaOH + H2 |
| Potassium | | 2K + H2O react and change into 2KOH + H2 |
| Rubidium | | 2Rb + H2O react and change into 2RbOH + H2 |
| Cesium | | 2Cs + H2O react and change into 2CsOH + H2 |
| Francium | | 2Fr + H2O react and change into 2FrOH + H2 |
Reactions of ice with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal | | Chemical Equation |
| Beryllium | | Be + 2 H2O react and change into Be(OH)2 + H2 |
| Magnesium | | 2Mg + 2 H2O react and change into Mg(OH)2 + H2 |
| Calcium | | Ca + 2 H2O react and change into Ca(OH)2 + H2 |
| Strontium | | Sr + 2 H2O react and change into Sr(OH)2 + H2 |
| Barium | | Ba + 2 H2O react and change into Ba(OH)2 + H2 |
| Radium | | Ra + 2 H2O react and change into Ra(OH)2 + H2 |
Reactions of ice with Transition Metal
| Transition Metal | | Chemical Equation |
| Scandium | | Sc + 2 H2O react and change into Sc(OH)2 + H2 |
| Titanium | | Ti + 4 H2O react and change into Ti(OH)4 + H2 |
| Vanadium | | V + 4 H2O react and change into V(OH)4 + H2 |
| Chromium | | Cr + 3 H2O react and change into Cr(OH)3 + H2 |
| Manganese | | Mn + 2 H2O react and change into Mn(OH)2 + H2 |
| Iron | | Fe + 2 H2O react and change into Fe(OH)2 + H2 |
| Cobalt | | Co + 2 H2O react and change into Co(OH)2 + H2 |
| Nickel | | Ni + 2 H2O react and change into Ni(OH)2 + H2 |
| Copper | | Cu + 2 H2O react and change into Cu(OH)2 + H2 |
| Zinc | | Zn + 2 H2O react and change into Zn(OH)2 + H2 |
| Yttrium | | Y + 3 H2O react and change into Y(OH)3 + H2 |
| Zirconium | | Zr + 4 H2O react and change into Zr(OH)4 + H2 |
| Niobium | | Nb + 5 H2O react and change into Nb(OH)5 + H2 |
| Molybdenum | | Mo + 4 H2O react and change into Mo(OH)4 + H2 |
| Technetium | | Tc + 4 H2O react and change into TcO4- + 4H+ + 2e– |
| Ruthenium | | Ru + 4 H2O react and change into RuO4 + 8H+ + 4e– |
| Rhodium | | 3Rh + 3 H2O react and change into Rh(OH)3 + 6H+ + 3e– |
Reactions of ice with Non-Transition Metal
| Non-Transition Metal | | Chemical Equation |
| Aluminum | | 2Al + 6 H2O react and change into Al(OH)3 + 3 H2 |
| Gallium | | 2Ga + 6 H2O react and change into Ga(OH)3 + 3 H2 |
| Indium | | 2In + 6 H2O react and change into In(OH)3 + 3 H2 |
| Tin | | 2Sn + 8 H2O react and change into Sn(OH)4 + 4 H2 |
| Lead | | Pb + 2H2O react and change into Pb(OH)2 + H2 |
| Antimony | | 2Sb + 6 H2O react and change into Sb(OH)3 + 3 H2 |
| Bismuth | | Bi + 3 H2O react and change into Bi(OH)3 + H2 |
| Aluminum (Group 13) | | 2Tl + H2O react and change into TlOH + Tl3O |
| Zinc (Group 12) | | Zn + 2 H2O react and change into Zn(OH)2 + H2 |
| Aluminum (Group 13) | | 2Ga + 6 H2O react and change into Ga(OH)3 + 3H2 |
| Thallium | | 2Tl + H2O react and change into TlOH + Tl3O |
| Bismuth | | Bi + 3 H2O react and change into Bi(OH)3 + H2 |
| Cadmium | | Cd + 2 H2O react and change into Cd(OH)2 + H2 |
| Mercury | | Hg + H2O react and change into Hg(OH)2 |
| Thallium | | 2Tl + H2O react and change into TlOH + Tl3O |
Reactions of ice with Metalloid
| Metalloid | Chemical Equation | |
| Boron | B + 3 H2O react and change into B(OH)3 + H2 |
| Silicon | Si + 4 H2O react and change into Si(OH)4 |
| Germanium | Ge + 4 H2O react and change into Ge(OH)4 |
| Arsenic | 2As + 3 H2O react and change into As2O3 + 3H2 |
| Antimony | 2Sb + 6 H2O react and change into Sb(OH)3 + 3H2 |
| Tellurium | Te + 2 H2O react and change into H2TeO3 + H2 |
| Polonium | Po + 2H2O react and change into H2PoO3 + H2 |
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