Characteristics of rust
| Properties | Detail |
| Chemical formula | Fe2O3.nH2O |
| Color | Reddish-brown |
| Texture | Rough and brittle |
| Composition | A mixture of iron oxides and hydroxides |
| Density | 5.24 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water |
| Electrical conductivity | Not a good conductor of electricity |
| damaging characteristics | can corrode structural integrity and damage metal surfaces. |
| Prevention | can be avoided by using corrosion-resistant materials or providing a protective coating. |
Reaction of rust with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal | Reaction |
| Magnesium (Mg) | Fe2O3 + 2Mg react and convert into 2Fe + MgO |
| Calcium (Ca) | No reaction |
| Strontium (Sr) | No reaction |
| Barium (Ba) | No reaction |
Reaction of rust withTransition Metal
| Transition Metal | Reaction |
| Copper (Cu) | Cu + Fe2O3 react and convert into CuO + 2FeO |
| Chromium (Cr) | 4Cr + 3Fe2O3 react and convert into 2Cr2O3 + 3Fe2O3 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 3Mn + 2Fe2O3 react and convert into 3MnO + Fe2O3 |
| Cobalt (Co) | Co + Fe2O3 react and convert into CoO + 2FeO |
| Nickel (Ni) | Ni + Fe2O3 react and convert into NiO + 2FeO |
| Zinc (Zn) | Zn + Fe2O3 react and convert into ZnO + 2FeO |
Reaction of rust with Non-Transition Metal
| Non-Transition Metal | Reaction |
| Carbon (C) | Fe2O3 + 3C react and convert into 2Fe + 3CO |
| Silicon (Si) | Fe2O3 + 2Si react and convert into 2Fe + SiO2 |
| Aluminum (Al) | 2Al + Fe2O3 react and convert into Al2O3 + 2Fe |
Reaction of rust with Non-Metal Element
| Non-Metal Element | Reaction |
| Hydrogen (H) | Fe2O3 + 3H2 react and convert into 2Fe + 3H2O |
| Carbon (C) | Fe2O3 + 3C react and convert into 2Fe + 3CO |
| Nitrogen (N) | 4Fe + 3N2 react and convert into 2Fe3N4 |
| Sulfur (S) | Fe2O3 + 3S react and convert into 2FeS + 3SO2 |
Reaction of rust with Lanthanide Element
| Lanthanide Element | Reaction |
| Cerium (Ce) | 2Ce + 3Fe2O3 react and convert into 2CeO2 + 6FeO |
| Praseodymium (Pr) | 2Pr + 3Fe2O3 react and convert into 2PrO2 + 6FeO |
| Europium (Eu) | 2Eu + 3Fe2O3 react and convert into 2Eu2O3 + 6FeO |
| Gadolinium (Gd) | 2Gd + 3Fe2O3 react and convert into 2Gd2O3 + 6FeO |
Reaction of rust with Actinide Element
| Actinide Element | Reaction |
| Uranium (U) | 3U + 4Fe2O3 react and convert into 3UO2 + 8FeO |
| Plutonium (Pu) | 2Pu + 3Fe2O3 react and convert into 2PuO2 + 6FeO |
| Americium (Am) | 2Am + 3Fe2O3 react and convert into 2AmO2 + 6FeO |
| Curium (Cm) | 2Cm + 3Fe2O3 react and convert into 2CmO2 + 6FeO |
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