1. What does the term ‘human rights’ refer to in anthropology?

A. Rights specifically for non-human species
B. Rights inherent to all human beings by virtue of their humanity
C. Rights limited to citizens of a specific country
D. None of the above
Answer: B

2. Which international document is foundational to the modern concept of human rights?

A. United Nations Declaration on Human Cloning
B. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
C. Kyoto Protocol
D. None of the above
Answer: B

3. In the context of anthropology, human rights are understood as:

A. Culturally specific norms
B. Universal and inherent to all individuals
C. Rights granted by governments
D. None of the above
Answer: B

4. Which anthropological approach examines how human rights are perceived and practiced within different cultures?

A. Ethnographic analysis
B. Legal positivism
C. Structural functionalism
D. None of the above
Answer: A

5. The concept of ‘cultural relativism’ in anthropology suggests that:

A. All cultures have the same values regarding human rights
B. Human rights norms should be judged based on cultural context
C. Human rights are irrelevant in anthropological studies
D. None of the above
Answer: B

6. Which of the following is a critique of applying universal human rights standards across different cultures?

A. Promotes cultural diversity
B. Ignores cultural contexts and values
C. Enhances global cooperation
D. None of the above
Answer: B

7. Anthropologists studying human rights often focus on:

A. Legal aspects only
B. Societal impacts of human rights violations
C. Economic theories
D. None of the above
Answer: B

8. Which of the following is an example of a human rights violation anthropologists might study?

A. Traffic laws
B. Discrimination based on hair color
C. Freedom of speech restrictions
D. None of the above
Answer: C

9. The principle of ‘non-discrimination’ in human rights refers to:

A. Treating all individuals equally without discrimination
B. Preferential treatment based on social status
C. Excluding certain groups from human rights protections
D. None of the above
Answer: A

10. Which of the following international bodies is tasked with monitoring human rights violations globally?

A. United Nations Security Council
B. Human Rights Council
C. World Trade Organization
D. None of the above
Answer: B

11. Which anthropological theory emphasizes the interplay between power, discourse, and human rights?

A. Structural functionalism
B. Feminist anthropology
C. Postcolonial theory
D. None of the above
Answer: C

12. The term ‘cultural rights’ refers to:

A. Rights related to economic resources
B. Rights to preserve cultural heritage and identity
C. Rights only granted to specific ethnic groups
D. None of the above
Answer: B

13. Which of the following international human rights treaties specifically addresses the rights of children?

A. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
B. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
C. Convention on the Rights of the Child
D. None of the above
Answer: C

14. Anthropologists may study ‘indigenous rights’ to understand:

A. Legal frameworks protecting indigenous lands and cultures
B. Human rights violations in urban areas
C. Technological advancements in indigenous communities
D. None of the above
Answer: A

15. Which of the following principles is central to the concept of ‘human dignity’ in human rights discourse?

A. Freedom of speech
B. Right to fair trial
C. Inherent worth and value of every individual
D. None of the above
Answer: C

16. The concept of ‘state sovereignty’ can sometimes conflict with:

A. International human rights norms
B. Cultural relativism
C. Economic development goals
D. None of the above
Answer: A

17. Which anthropological approach examines how human rights are negotiated and contested within communities?

A. Legal positivism
B. Ethnographic analysis
C. Functionalism
D. None of the above
Answer: B

18. Anthropologists studying human rights may focus on the role of ‘advocacy groups’ to understand:

A. Economic disparities
B. Grassroots movements promoting human rights
C. Technological advancements
D. None of the above
Answer: B

19. Which of the following is a critique of universal human rights standards?

A. Promotes cultural diversity
B. Ignores local contexts and traditions
C. Enhances global cooperation
D. None of the above
Answer: B

20. The concept of ‘rights-based approach’ in anthropology emphasizes:

A. Religious freedoms
B. Applying human rights principles in development and advocacy
C. Legal positivism
D. None of the above
Answer: B

21. Which international body is responsible for the enforcement of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

A. United Nations Security Council
B. Human Rights Council
C. International Court of Justice
D. None of the above
Answer: B

22. The concept of ‘social justice’ in human rights discourse focuses on:

A. Equality of opportunity
B. Punitive justice
C. Freedom of religion
D. None of the above
Answer: A

23. Which anthropological perspective explores the intersection of gender and human rights?

A. Structuralism
B. Feminist anthropology
C. Evolutionary anthropology
D. None of the above
Answer: B

24. Anthropologists may study ‘refugee rights’ to understand:

A. International trade agreements
B. Legal protections for displaced populations
C. Indigenous cultural practices
D. None of the above
Answer: B

25. The principle of ‘non-refoulement’ in international law is related to:

A. Non-discrimination
B. Protection of refugees from being returned to countries where they face danger
C. Right to education
D. None of the above
Answer: B

26. Which of the following is an example of a ‘humanitarian intervention’ related to human rights?

A. Cultural exchange programs
B. Military action to protect civilians from mass atrocities
C. Economic sanctions for human rights violations
D. None of the above
Answer: B

27. The term ‘genocide’ is defined as:

A. Discrimination based on race
B. Deliberate extermination of a specific ethnic, racial, or religious group
C. Violation of economic rights
D. None of the above
Answer: B

28. Which of the following is a human rights issue often studied by anthropologists in urban settings?

A. Protection of intellectual property rights
B. Housing rights and homelessness
C. Technological advancements
D. None of the above
Answer: B

29. Anthropologists studying ‘environmental rights’ focus on:

A. Protection of wildlife only
B. Legal rights related to environmental conservation
C. Technological advancements in renewable energy
D. None of the above
Answer: B

30. The concept of ‘economic, social, and cultural rights’ includes rights related to:

A. Political participation
B. Access to healthcare, education, and housing
C. Freedom of speech
D. None of the above
Answer: B

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