1. What is Indigenous Knowledge (IK) primarily based on? A. Scientific experiments B. Tradition and experience C. Government policies D. None of the above Answer: B 2. Indigenous Knowledge systems are typically transmitted through: A. Formal education systems B. Oral traditions and practices C. Government regulations D. None of the above Answer: B 3. Which of the following best describes the role of elders in Indigenous Knowledge systems? A. Implementing modern technologies B. Preserving and transmitting cultural knowledge C. Enforcing legal regulations D. None of the above Answer: B 4. The term ‘Ethnoscience’ refers to the study of: A. Ethnic conflict resolution B. Indigenous scientific knowledge C. Political systems in indigenous societies D. None of the above Answer: B 5. What is the significance of Indigenous Knowledge in sustainable development? A. It opposes modern development initiatives B. It provides context-specific solutions C. It promotes industrialization D. None of the above Answer: B 6. Indigenous Knowledge systems often include practices related to: A. Urban planning B. Traditional medicine and healing C. Industrial agriculture D. None of the above Answer: B 7. Which approach advocates for the integration of Indigenous Knowledge with scientific knowledge? A. Exclusionary approach B. Dualistic approach C. Integrationist approach D. None of the above Answer: C 8. The term ‘cultural appropriation’ in the context of Indigenous Knowledge refers to: A. Preservation of cultural practices B. Unauthorized use of indigenous knowledge without consent C. Cultural exchange through educational programs D. None of the above Answer: B 9. Indigenous Knowledge systems are often grounded in: A. Globalized perspectives B. Local ecosystems and biodiversity C. National policies D. None of the above Answer: B 10. Which of the following is a characteristic of Indigenous Knowledge systems? A. Standardization across different cultures B. Innovation through technological advancements C. Adaptability to local contexts D. None of the above Answer: C 11. What role do traditional healers play in Indigenous Knowledge systems? A. Enforcing legal norms B. Integrating modern medical practices C. Preserving and transmitting medical knowledge D. None of the above Answer: C 12. The concept of ‘biopiracy’ relates to: A. Conservation efforts B. Exploitation of indigenous biological resources without consent C. International trade regulations D. None of the above Answer: B 13. Which approach to Indigenous Knowledge advocates for its recognition as a legal entity? A. Exclusionary approach B. Dualistic approach C. Legal pluralism D. None of the above Answer: C 14. Indigenous Knowledge systems are integral to: A. Cultural assimilation B. Sustainable development goals C. Globalization efforts D. None of the above Answer: B 15. The term ‘biocultural diversity’ refers to the interconnectedness of: A. Biological and cultural resources B. Industrial and agricultural practices C. Political and economic systems D. None of the above Answer: A 16. Which of the following is an example of Indigenous Knowledge in practice? A. Commercial farming techniques B. Traditional seed-saving practices C. Government subsidies for agriculture D. None of the above Answer: B 17. Anthropologists studying Indigenous Knowledge focus on: A. Eradicating traditional practices B. Documenting and respecting cultural practices C. Implementing standardized educational systems D. None of the above Answer: B 18. The concept of ‘cultural resilience’ in Indigenous Knowledge refers to: A. Preservation and adaptation of cultural practices B. Assimilation into dominant cultures C. Economic prosperity through industrialization D. None of the above Answer: A 19. Which of the following is a challenge faced by Indigenous Knowledge systems in the face of globalization? A. Increased recognition and support B. Loss of traditional knowledge due to cultural erosion C. Adoption of universal standards D. None of the above Answer: B 20. The term ‘traditional ecological knowledge’ (TEK) refers to: A. Scientific studies on ecosystem dynamics B. Indigenous understanding of local environments C. Technological advancements in agriculture D. None of the above Answer: B 21. Which of the following best describes ‘community-based conservation’? A. Outsourcing conservation efforts to international organizations B. Collaborative efforts involving local communities and their Indigenous Knowledge C. Establishing protected areas without community involvement D. None of the above Answer: B 22. Indigenous Knowledge often includes practices related to: A. Global market strategies B. Traditional crafts and arts C. Industrial manufacturing techniques D. None of the above Answer: B 23. The term ‘biopiracy’ refers to: A. Conservation efforts B. Unauthorized exploitation of indigenous biological resources C. Government regulations on biodiversity D. None of the above Answer: B 24. Which approach advocates for the coexistence of Indigenous Knowledge and scientific knowledge? A. Exclusionary approach B. Dualistic approach C. Integrationist approach D. None of the above Answer: C 25. The concept of ‘cultural appropriation’ in the context of Indigenous Knowledge refers to: A. Preservation of cultural practices B. Unauthorized use of indigenous knowledge without consent C. Cultural exchange through educational programs D. None of the above Answer: B 26. Indigenous Knowledge systems are often grounded in: A. Globalized perspectives B. Local ecosystems and biodiversity C. National policies D. None of the above Answer: B 27. Which of the following is a characteristic of Indigenous Knowledge systems? A. Standardization across different cultures B. Innovation through technological advancements C. Adaptability to local contexts D. None of the above Answer: C 28. What role do traditional healers play in Indigenous Knowledge systems? A. Enforcing legal norms B. Integrating modern medical practices C. Preserving and transmitting medical knowledge D. None of the above Answer: C 29. The concept of ‘biopiracy’ relates to: A. Conservation efforts B. Exploitation of indigenous biological resources without consent C. International trade regulations D. None of the above Answer: B 30. Which approach to Indigenous Knowledge advocates for its recognition as a legal entity? A. Exclusionary approach B. Dualistic approach C. Legal pluralism D. None of the above Answer: C 31. What distinguishes Indigenous Knowledge (IK) from scientific knowledge? A. It is based on empirical evidence B. It is universal and standardized C. It is context-specific and culturally embedded D. None of the above Answer: C 32. Indigenous Knowledge is often passed down through: A. Written texts and academic journals B. Formal educational institutions C. Oral traditions and storytelling D. None of the above Answer: C 33. What is the role of Indigenous Knowledge in biodiversity conservation? A. It promotes monoculture farming B. It supports local ecosystems and traditional land management practices C. It focuses on industrial agriculture techniques D. None of the above Answer: B 34. The study of ‘traditional ecological knowledge’ (TEK) includes understanding: A. Global climate change patterns B. Local environmental dynamics and sustainability practices C. Urban planning strategies D. None of the above Answer: B 35. Which approach advocates for the exclusion of Indigenous Knowledge from mainstream development initiatives? A. Exclusionary approach B. Dualistic approach C. Integrationist approach D. None of the above Answer: A 36. The concept of ‘cultural resilience’ in Indigenous Knowledge refers to: A. Assimilation into dominant cultures B. Preservation and adaptation of cultural practices over time C. Economic modernization through industrialization D. None of the above Answer: B 37. Which of the following is a challenge faced by Indigenous Knowledge in the face of globalization? A. Increased recognition and support B. Loss of traditional knowledge due to cultural erosion C. Adoption of universal standards without adaptation D. None of the above Answer: B 38. What role do elders typically play in the preservation and transmission of Indigenous Knowledge? A. Implementing government policies B. Serving as cultural mediators and advisors C. Enforcing legal regulations D. None of the above Answer: B 39. The term ‘biocultural diversity’ refers to: A. Conservation efforts in urban areas B. Interconnectedness of biological and cultural diversity C. International trade agreements on biodiversity D. None of the above Answer: B 40. Which of the following best describes the concept of ‘Indigenous knowledge sovereignty’? A. Exclusive rights over traditional lands B. Authority of indigenous communities over their knowledge systems C. Integration of IK into mainstream education systems D. None of the above Answer: B

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