1. Which of the following is a primary focus of physical anthropology?
a) Cultural artifacts
b) Human language
c) Biological evolution
d) Economic systems
Answer: c) Biological evolution
2. What is the study of hominins primarily concerned with?
a) Ancient civilizations
b) Human ancestors and their relatives
c) Modern human societies
d) Linguistic origins
Answer: b) Human ancestors and their relatives
3. Which subfield of physical anthropology focuses on the study of human bones and skeletons?
a) Paleoanthropology
b) Primatology
c) Osteology
d) Forensic anthropology
Answer: c) Osteology
4. The concept of natural selection is central to which aspect of physical anthropology?
a) Genetics
b) Primatology
c) Human variation
d) Evolutionary theory
Answer: d) Evolutionary theory
5. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used to classify primates?
a) Diet
b) Locomotion
c) Geographic distribution
d) Social behavior
Answer: c) Geographic distribution
6. Which early hominin species is known for its upright posture and tool use?
a) Homo habilis
b) Australopithecus afarensis
c) Paranthropus robustus
d) Homo erectus
Answer: b) Australopithecus afarensis
7. Which primate group includes humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans?
a) New World monkeys
b) Old World monkeys
c) Prosimians
d) Hominoids
Answer: d) Hominoids
8. What is the study of non-human primates primarily known as?
a) Paleoanthropology
b) Primatology
c) Osteology
d) Forensic anthropology
Answer: b) Primatology
9. Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to human biological variation?
a) Genetics
b) Climate
c) Diet
d) Language
Answer: d) Language
10. What is the term for the study of human biological adaptation to environmental stresses?
a) Ethnography
b) Biocultural anthropology
c) Human ecology
d) Human biology
Answer: c) Human ecology