Real-time Ethernet – Real-time Systems MCQs

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1. What is the main goal of real-time Ethernet in embedded systems?
(A) To reduce CPU usage automatically
(B) To provide deterministic and low-latency communication over standard Ethernet
(C) To transfer files in batch mode
(D) To ignore task priorities

2. Which of the following is a real-time Ethernet standard?
(A) EtherCAT
(B) Standard TCP/IP only
(C) HTTP exclusively
(D) Wi-Fi

3. Real-time Ethernet is mainly used in:
(A) Industrial automation, robotics, and control systems
(B) Desktop office applications only
(C) Multimedia streaming exclusively
(D) Batch file processing

4. Which feature distinguishes real-time Ethernet from standard Ethernet?
(A) Disk-based batch messaging
(B) Randomized message transmission
(C) CPU idle detection exclusively
(D) Deterministic timing and prioritized communication

5. EtherCAT achieves low latency by:
(A) Storing all frames in memory before forwarding
(B) Processing frames on-the-fly as they pass through each node
(C) Batch processing messages only
(D) Random message scheduling

6. Which of the following is an advantage of real-time Ethernet?
(A) Reduces CPU idle only
(B) High-speed deterministic communication suitable for control loops
(C) Fully random message delivery
(D) Disk-only scheduling

7. Which real-time Ethernet standard uses a master-slave communication model?
(A) USB
(B) Standard Ethernet only
(C) Wi-Fi exclusively
(D) EtherCAT

8. Real-time Ethernet helps prevent:
(A) Disk fragmentation
(B) Memory leaks only
(C) CPU overheating exclusively
(D) Message collisions and unpredictable delays

9. Time-Triggered Ethernet (TTE) combines Ethernet with:
(A) CPU idle monitoring
(B) Randomized message delivery
(C) Batch file transfers exclusively
(D) Time-triggered deterministic scheduling

10. Which of the following protocols supports hybrid event-triggered and time-triggered communication on Ethernet?
(A) PROFINET IRT
(B) Standard TCP/IP exclusively
(C) FTP
(D) HTTP only

11. Real-time Ethernet is suitable for:
(A) Soft real-time multimedia only
(B) Hard real-time control systems
(C) Background desktop tasks exclusively
(D) Batch file systems

12. Which mechanism ensures determinism in real-time Ethernet?
(A) Disk-based batch messaging
(B) Random message scheduling
(C) CPU idle monitoring exclusively
(D) Prioritized or scheduled message transmission

13. Which real-time Ethernet standard is widely used in automotive applications?
(A) USB
(B) Standard office Ethernet only
(C) Wi-Fi exclusively
(D) Automotive Ethernet

14. One limitation of standard Ethernet for real-time systems is:
(A) Reduced memory usage
(B) Non-deterministic packet delivery due to CSMA/CD
(C) Deterministic timing always
(D) CPU idle maximization

15. Real-time Ethernet typically achieves determinism by:
(A) Random message selection
(B) Using scheduled transmission, traffic shaping, and QoS mechanisms
(C) Batch file transfer only
(D) CPU idle monitoring exclusively

16. Which of the following is a benefit of EtherCAT?
(A) Random message delivery
(B) Very low cycle times and high network efficiency
(C) CPU-only processing
(D) Disk batch transfer

17. PROFINET IRT achieves real-time behavior using:
(A) Isochronous real-time scheduling and prioritization
(B) Random Ethernet messaging
(C) CPU idle cycles exclusively
(D) Batch processing

18. Real-time Ethernet improves system reliability by:
(A) Memory optimization only
(B) Random scheduling
(C) Disk batch transfer exclusively
(D) Deterministic message delivery and fault-tolerant design

19. Which factor affects determinism in real-time Ethernet networks?
(A) Task name length only
(B) Network load and priority management
(C) Disk scheduling exclusively
(D) CPU idle time only

20. The main advantage of real-time Ethernet is:
(A) Reduces CPU temperature automatically
(B) Reliable, deterministic, and low-latency communication for embedded control systems
(C) Batch file transfer only
(D) Memory optimization exclusively