Agile vs. traditional methodologies MCQs – Software Project  Management

Which methodology is typically characterized by a sequential, linear approach? A) Agile B) Traditional (Waterfall) C) Scrum D) Kanban Answer: B) Traditional (Waterfall) Which methodology emphasizes iterative development and frequent feedback from stakeholders? A) Traditional B) Agile C) Lean D) Six Sigma Answer: B) Agile In which methodology is change management more flexible and encouraged throughout the project lifecycle? A) Traditional B) Agile C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) PRINCE2 Answer: B) Agile Which methodology typically involves a detailed upfront planning phase before project execution begins? A) Agile B) Traditional (Waterfall) C) Kanban D) Scrum Answer: B) Traditional (Waterfall) In Agile methodologies, how is project success primarily measured? A) By adhering to the initial project plan B) By delivering working software frequently and meeting customer needs C) By the completion of all phases on time D) By the adherence to project budget Answer: B) By delivering working software frequently and meeting customer needs Which methodology is known for its use of fixed-length iterations or sprints? A) Traditional B) Agile C) Scrum D) Lean Answer: C) Scrum What is a key feature of Traditional (Waterfall) methodologies? A) Frequent customer involvement B) Incremental delivery of product features C) Clearly defined phases with sequential progression D) Flexibility in scope and requirements Answer: C) Clearly defined phases with sequential progression Which methodology emphasizes continuous improvement and adapting to change? A) Traditional B) Agile C) PRINCE2 D) Six Sigma Answer: B) Agile In Traditional methodologies, what typically occurs after the requirements phase? A) Testing B) Design C) Implementation D) Maintenance Answer: B) Design Which methodology involves regular retrospectives to review and improve processes? A) Traditional B) Agile C) PRINCE2 D) Six Sigma Answer: B) Agile How does Agile handle requirements changes compared to Traditional methodologies? A) Agile resists changes, while Traditional methodologies accommodate them B) Agile embraces changes, while Traditional methodologies have rigid scope C) Both methodologies handle changes similarly D) Traditional methodologies embrace changes, while Agile resists them Answer: B) Agile embraces changes, while Traditional methodologies have rigid scope Which methodology is characterized by a detailed documentation process and formal approval stages? A) Agile B) Traditional C) Scrum D) Kanban Answer: B) Traditional Which methodology uses the concept of a Product Backlog to manage work? A) Traditional B) Agile C) Scrum D) Lean Answer: C) Scrum What is the primary role of the Project Manager in Traditional methodologies? A) To facilitate team meetings B) To manage project scope, schedule, and budget C) To prioritize work items D) To remove impediments Answer: B) To manage project scope, schedule, and budget In Agile methodologies, who is typically responsible for prioritizing the work? A) Scrum Master B) Development Team C) Product Owner D) Project Manager Answer: C) Product Owner Which methodology often requires a comprehensive initial project plan that is followed strictly? A) Agile B) Traditional (Waterfall) C) Lean D) Kanban Answer: B) Traditional (Waterfall) Which Agile practice involves visualizing work and managing workflow with a board? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: B) Kanban What is the approach of Agile methodologies towards project scope and requirements? A) Fixed scope with detailed requirements B) Flexible scope with evolving requirements C) Strict adherence to initial requirements D) Minimal documentation and planning Answer: B) Flexible scope with evolving requirements Which methodology involves detailed upfront requirements gathering and design before implementation? A) Agile B) Traditional (Waterfall) C) Scrum D) Lean Answer: B) Traditional (Waterfall) What is the focus of Agile methodologies in terms of delivery? A) Delivering complete and detailed documentation B) Delivering working software in small, incremental releases C) Delivering the final product in a single release D) Delivering detailed project plans Answer: B) Delivering working software in small, incremental releases Which methodology allows for changes to be made even late in the project? A) Traditional B) Agile C) PRINCE2 D) Six Sigma Answer: B) Agile In Traditional methodologies, what typically happens during the Testing phase? A) All code is written and then tested for bugs B) Testing is integrated throughout the development process C) Testing is performed only after the implementation is complete D) Testing occurs before design and development Answer: C) Testing is performed only after the implementation is complete Which methodology relies on a cross-functional team to handle all aspects of the project? A) Traditional B) Agile C) Lean D) PRINCE2 Answer: B) Agile What is the main advantage of Agile methodologies over Traditional methodologies? A) Better adherence to initial project plans B) Greater flexibility and adaptability to changes C) More comprehensive documentation D) Longer development cycles Answer: B) Greater flexibility and adaptability to changes Which Agile methodology focuses on delivering high-quality software through practices such as pair programming and test-driven development (TDD)? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: C) Extreme Programming (XP) What is a key feature of Traditional (Waterfall) project management in terms of project phases? A) Overlapping phases B) Iterative development C) Sequential and distinct phases D) Continuous delivery Answer: C) Sequential and distinct phases Which Agile methodology includes roles such as Scrum Master, Product Owner, and Development Team? A) Kanban B) Scrum C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: B) Scrum In Agile methodologies, what is the term for a meeting where the team discusses what was done, what will be done, and any obstacles? A) Sprint Planning B) Sprint Review C) Daily Stand-up D) Sprint Retrospective Answer: C) Daily Stand-up Which methodology uses a Kanban board to visualize workflow and limit work in progress? A) Scrum B) Lean C) Agile D) Kanban Answer: D) Kanban In Traditional methodologies, what is the typical approach to handling project risks? A) Continuous risk assessment and adaptation B) Risk management is a separate phase C) Risks are addressed only at the end of the project D) Risks are not considered until they occur Answer: B) Risk management is a separate phase Which methodology often involves detailed documentation and formal change control processes? A) Agile B) Traditional C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: B) Traditional What is the Agile approach to managing team performance and productivity? A) Centralized management and oversight B) Self-organizing teams with regular retrospectives C) Detailed performance appraisals D) Strict adherence to schedules Answer: B) Self-organizing teams with regular retrospectives In Agile, what is the term for a short, time-boxed period during which a team works to complete a set of features or tasks? A) Phase B) Sprint C) Cycle D) Iteration Answer: B) Sprint Which Agile practice involves delivering a potentially shippable product increment at the end of each iteration? A) Continuous Integration B) Incremental Delivery C) Continuous Delivery D) Test-Driven Development (TDD) Answer: B) Incremental Delivery Which methodology is more likely to have a fixed budget and timeline with specific deliverables? A) Agile B) Traditional C) Kanban D) Scrum Answer: B) Traditional What is the main focus of Lean Agile methodologies? A) Reducing waste and optimizing processes B) Detailed upfront planning C) Rigorous change control D) Extensive documentation Answer: A) Reducing waste and optimizing processes Which Agile methodology focuses on visualizing the flow of work and optimizing the delivery process? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Traditional Answer: B) Kanban In Agile, what is the term for a document that lists all desired features or requirements for the project? A) Project Charter B) Requirements Specification C) Product Backlog D) Project Plan Answer: C) Product Backlog Which methodology typically involves a phase where project deliverables are reviewed and accepted by stakeholders before moving to the next phase? A) Agile B) Traditional C) Lean D) Scrum Answer: B) Traditional What is the Agile approach to estimating and planning work? A) Detailed upfront estimates and fixed plans B) High-level estimates with flexibility for change C) Ad-hoc planning with no estimates D) Long-term forecasts with fixed deadlines Answer: B) High-level estimates with flexibility for change Which methodology often involves defining project requirements in a detailed, formal document at the beginning of the project? A) Agile B) Traditional C) Kanban D) Lean Answer: B) Traditional What is a key difference between Agile and Traditional methodologies regarding customer feedback? A) Agile methodologies seek customer feedback early and often, while Traditional methodologies collect feedback at specific stages B) Traditional methodologies seek feedback early and often, while Agile methodologies collect feedback at specific stages C) Both methodologies use the same approach to customer feedback D) Neither methodology involves customer feedback Answer: A) Agile methodologies seek customer feedback early and often, while Traditional methodologies collect feedback at specific stages Which Agile practice involves regular, incremental delivery of small, functional pieces of the product? A) Sprint Planning B) Continuous Integration C) Incremental Delivery D) User Stories Answer: C) Incremental Delivery What is the role of the Scrum Master in Agile methodologies? A) To manage the project budget B) To facilitate Scrum processes and remove impediments C) To develop project requirements D) To create and manage project plans Answer: B) To facilitate Scrum processes and remove impediments In Traditional methodologies, when is the majority of testing typically conducted? A) During the design phase B) During the development phase C) After the development phase is complete D) Before the design phase begins Answer: C) After the development phase is complete Which Agile practice focuses on delivering a minimum viable product (MVP) with core features to gather early feedback? A) Lean B) Kanban C) Scrum D) Extreme Programming (XP) Answer: A) Lean What is the primary focus of Traditional project management in terms of project deliverables? A) Frequent, incremental deliverables B) Complete, detailed deliverables at the end of the project C) Continuous integration and delivery D) Rapid prototyping Answer: B) Complete, detailed deliverables at the end of the project Which Agile practice emphasizes collaboration with customers and adapting to their needs throughout the project? A) Traditional B) Kanban C) Scrum D) Extreme Programming (XP) Answer: D) Extreme Programming (XP) In Agile methodologies, what is the term for a visual tool used to manage and track progress? A) Gantt Chart B) Kanban Board C) Burndown Chart D) Flow Diagram Answer: B) Kanban Board Which methodology typically involves a series of phases such as requirements, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance? A) Agile B) Traditional (Waterfall) C) Kanban D) Lean Answer: B) Traditional (Waterfall)