Scrum, Kanban, and other agile frameworks MCQs – Software Project  Management

Which role in Scrum is responsible for managing the product backlog and prioritizing features? A) Scrum Master B) Product Owner C) Development Team D) Project Manager Answer: B) Product Owner What is the purpose of a Sprint Retrospective in Scrum? A) To plan the next sprint B) To review and adjust the product backlog C) To reflect on the past sprint and identify improvements D) To demonstrate the completed work Answer: C) To reflect on the past sprint and identify improvements Which of the following is a time-boxed iteration in Scrum? A) Sprint B) Kanban C) Epic D) Story Answer: A) Sprint What is the maximum duration of a Sprint in Scrum? A) 1 week B) 2 weeks C) 1 month D) 6 weeks Answer: C) 1 month In Scrum, what document describes the work to be done during a Sprint? A) Sprint Plan B) Sprint Backlog C) Product Backlog D) Kanban Board Answer: B) Sprint Backlog Which role in Scrum is responsible for facilitating the Scrum process and removing impediments? A) Product Owner B) Scrum Master C) Development Team D) Stakeholder Answer: B) Scrum Master In Kanban, what is the primary tool used to visualize work and manage flow? A) Gantt Chart B) Burndown Chart C) Kanban Board D) Product Backlog Answer: C) Kanban Board Which principle of Kanban involves limiting the amount of work in progress (WIP)? A) Visualize Work B) Manage Flow C) Limit Work in Progress D) Improve Collaboratively Answer: C) Limit Work in Progress What is the main focus of Kanban as compared to Scrum? A) Time-boxed iterations B) Continuous delivery and flow C) Fixed roles and ceremonies D) Comprehensive upfront planning Answer: B) Continuous delivery and flow In Kanban, what is the term for a collection of tasks or work items that need to be completed? A) Sprint Backlog B) Product Backlog C) Kanban Cards D) Stories Answer: C) Kanban Cards Which Agile framework uses the concept of “Sprints” and “Scrum Artifacts”? A) Kanban B) Scrum C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: B) Scrum What is the primary focus of the Lean Agile framework? A) Reducing waste and improving efficiency B) Fixed roles and processes C) Comprehensive upfront design D) Extensive documentation Answer: A) Reducing waste and improving efficiency In Scrum, which event is held at the beginning of a Sprint to plan the work? A) Sprint Planning B) Daily Stand-up C) Sprint Retrospective D) Sprint Review Answer: A) Sprint Planning Which Agile framework emphasizes pair programming and test-driven development (TDD)? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: C) Extreme Programming (XP) In Scrum, what is the term for the meeting where the team demonstrates the completed work to stakeholders? A) Sprint Review B) Daily Stand-up C) Sprint Planning D) Sprint Retrospective Answer: A) Sprint Review Which Agile framework uses the concept of “Value Stream Mapping” to analyze and improve workflows? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: D) Lean What does the acronym “XP” stand for in Agile methodologies? A) Extreme Programming B) Extreme Practices C) Excellent Programming D) Extreme Product Answer: A) Extreme Programming In Kanban, what does the “Ready” column on a Kanban board typically represent? A) Work that is yet to be started B) Work that is in progress C) Completed work D) Work that is being reviewed Answer: A) Work that is yet to be started Which Agile framework focuses on iterative development and delivering small increments of the product? A) Kanban B) Scrum C) Lean D) Six Sigma Answer: B) Scrum In Scrum, what is the term for a small, cross-functional team that works on product increments? A) Scrum Team B) Development Team C) Product Team D) Project Team Answer: B) Development Team What is the purpose of a Kanban Board’s “Done” column? A) To track work in progress B) To display tasks that are ready to start C) To showcase completed tasks D) To indicate tasks under review Answer: C) To showcase completed tasks Which Agile practice involves frequent, small releases of the product to gather feedback and improve? A) Continuous Delivery B) Sprint Reviews C) Incremental Delivery D) Extreme Programming (XP) Answer: C) Incremental Delivery What is a “User Story” in Agile methodologies? A) A detailed specification document B) A description of a feature from an end-user’s perspective C) A test case for a feature D) A project timeline Answer: B) A description of a feature from an end-user’s perspective In Scrum, what is the term for a brief, daily meeting where team members discuss progress and obstacles? A) Sprint Review B) Daily Stand-up C) Sprint Planning D) Sprint Retrospective Answer: B) Daily Stand-up Which Agile framework uses the concept of “Servant Leadership” to empower teams? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: A) Scrum In Kanban, what does the “WIP Limit” stand for? A) Work in Progress Limit B) Work Impact Policy C) Workflow Improvement Process D) Work Instruction Plan Answer: A) Work in Progress Limit Which Agile framework emphasizes the use of continuous feedback and small, iterative improvements to deliver value? A) Kanban B) Scrum C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: C) Extreme Programming (XP) What is the term for the prioritized list of work to be done in Scrum? A) Sprint Backlog B) Product Backlog C) Kanban Board D) Work Queue Answer: B) Product Backlog Which Agile framework emphasizes the importance of removing bottlenecks to improve flow? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: B) Kanban What role does the Product Owner play in Scrum? A) Facilitates team meetings B) Manages the product backlog and ensures value delivery C) Develops software code D) Tracks project progress Answer: B) Manages the product backlog and ensures value delivery In Agile methodologies, what is the term for a high-level goal that needs to be achieved? A) Sprint Goal B) Product Vision C) Epic D) Story Answer: C) Epic What is the main difference between Scrum and Kanban regarding workflow? A) Scrum uses fixed-length iterations while Kanban focuses on continuous flow B) Scrum focuses on continuous flow while Kanban uses fixed-length iterations C) Both frameworks use fixed-length iterations D) Both frameworks focus on continuous flow Answer: A) Scrum uses fixed-length iterations while Kanban focuses on continuous flow In Scrum, which document is used to track progress and see how much work is left in a Sprint? A) Burndown Chart B) Kanban Board C) Gantt Chart D) Product Backlog Answer: A) Burndown Chart Which Agile framework is known for its focus on engineering practices and technical excellence? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: C) Extreme Programming (XP) In Kanban, what is the purpose of the “In Progress” column? A) To list tasks that need to be completed B) To show work that is currently being done C) To display tasks that are under review D) To track completed tasks Answer: B) To show work that is currently being done Which Agile practice involves breaking down work into small, manageable pieces that can be completed in a short period? A) Continuous Integration B) Iterative Development C) Pair Programming D) Story Mapping Answer: B) Iterative Development What is the key focus of the Lean Agile framework? A) Improving efficiency and eliminating waste B) Fixed iterations and roles C) Detailed upfront planning and documentation D) Comprehensive testing and reviews Answer: A) Improving efficiency and eliminating waste In Scrum, what is the term for a structured meeting where the team reflects on their performance and processes? A) Sprint Planning B) Sprint Review C) Sprint Retrospective D) Daily Stand-up Answer: C) Sprint Retrospective Which role in Scrum is responsible for ensuring that the team adheres to Scrum practices and principles? A) Scrum Master B) Product Owner C) Development Team D) Project Manager Answer: A) Scrum Master In Kanban, what is the benefit of visualizing work on a board? A) It helps in tracking progress and identifying bottlenecks B) It provides detailed documentation C) It ensures fixed deadlines D) It mandates rigid roles and responsibilities Answer: A) It helps in tracking progress and identifying bottlenecks Which Agile framework uses the concept of “Role-Based Teams” where each team member has a specific role? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: A) Scrum What is the primary goal of the “Daily Stand-up” meeting in Scrum? A) To review the work completed during the Sprint B) To plan the next Sprint C) To discuss progress, plans, and obstacles D) To reflect on past Sprints and identify improvements Answer: C) To discuss progress, plans, and obstacles In Extreme Programming (XP), which practice involves writing tests before writing the code that will pass the tests? A) Pair Programming B) Test-Driven Development (TDD) C) Continuous Integration D) Refactoring Answer: B) Test-Driven Development (TDD) What is the purpose of a “Kanban Card” in Kanban? A) To represent a work item or task B) To display project milestones C) To document user requirements D) To track project budget Answer: A) To represent a work item or task Which Agile framework is designed to improve team collaboration and respond quickly to changes? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: A) Scrum In Kanban, what does “Cycle Time” refer to? A) The time taken to complete a task from start to finish B) The time taken to plan a Sprint C) The time allocated for each task in a Sprint D) The time spent on daily stand-up meetings Answer: A) The time taken to complete a task from start to finish Which Agile framework encourages the use of “Customer Feedback” to refine and improve the product? A) Scrum B) Kanban C) Extreme Programming (XP) D) Lean Answer: A) Scrum In Scrum, what is the primary outcome of the “Sprint Review” meeting? A) To plan the next Sprint B) To review the completed work and gather feedback C) To reflect on the Sprint and identify improvements D) To discuss progress and obstacles Answer: B) To review the completed work and gather feedback Which Agile framework uses the concept of “Iterations” to manage and deliver work? A) Kanban B) Lean C) Scrum D) Extreme Programming (XP) Answer: C) Scrum What is the primary focus of Extreme Programming (XP) in Agile methodologies? A) Technical excellence and engineering practices B) Continuous flow and visualization C) Fixed-length iterations and roles D) Reducing waste and improving processes Answer: A) Technical excellence and engineering practices