Table sugar,commonly known as sucrose have chemical formula is C12H22O11.
Physical Properties of Table Sugar (Sucrose):
| Properties | Details |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder or granules |
| Crystal Structure | Orthorhombic crystalline structure |
| Density | 1.587 g/cm³ |
| Hygroscopicity | Slightly hygroscopic, tends to absorb moisture from air |
| Melting Point | Approximately 186 °C (367 °F) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| pH Value | Neutral (pH 7) |
| Refractive Index | 1.586 at 25 °C (77 °F) |
| Solubility | Soluble in water |
| Taste | Sweet |
Chemical Properties of Table Sugar (Sucrose):
| Properties | Details |
| Caramelization | Can undergo caramelization at high temperatures |
| Chemical Formula | α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructofuranoside |
| Combustibility | Can burn when exposed to an open flame |
| Fermentation | Can be fermented by yeast to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide |
| Hydrolysis | Can be hydrolyzed by acids, enzymes, or heat to glucose and fructose |
| Maillard Reaction | Capable of undergoing the Maillard reaction |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ |
| Molecular Weight | 342.3 g/mol |
| Reducing Property | Non-reducing sugar |
| Stability | Stable under normal conditions |
Reactions of table sugar with Alkali Metal
| Alkali Metal | | Chemical Equation |
| Lithium (Li) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Sodium (Na) | | C12H22O11+ 2Na react and change into 2C6H11O6Na + H2 |
| Potassium (K) | | C12H22O11+ 2K react and change into 2C6H11O6K + H2 |
| Rubidium (Rb) | | C12H22O11+ 2Rb react and change into 2 C6H11O6Rb + H2 |
| Cesium (Cs) | | C12H22O11+ 2Cs react and change into 2 C6H11O6Cs + H2 |
Reactions of table sugar with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal | | Chemical Equation |
| Beryllium (Be) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Magnesium (Mg) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Calcium (Ca) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Strontium (Sr) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Barium (Ba) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Radium (Ra) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
Reactions of table sugar with Non Transition Metal
| Non Transition Metal | | Chemical Equation |
| Aluminum (Al) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Zinc (Zn) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Copper (Cu) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Silver (Ag) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Tin (Sn) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Lead (Pb) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Nickel (Ni) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Gold (Au) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Platinum (Pt) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Mercury (Hg) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Bismuth (Bi) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
Reactions of table sugar with Non Metal
| Non formed Metal | | Chemical Equation |
| Hydrogen (H2) | | C12H22O11 + 12H2 react and change into 12CO2 + 11H2O |
| Oxygen (O2) | | C12H22O11+ 12O2 react and change into 12 CO2 + 11H2O |
| Nitrogen (N2) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Fluorine (F2) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Chlorine (Cl2) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Bromine (Br2) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
| Iodine (I2) | | no reaction occur hence no product formed |
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