Phosphate [Chemical formula, Physical, Chemical Properties and Reactions]

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: February 3, 2024

  1. Calcium phosphate monobasic: Ca(H2PO4)2
  2. Calcium phosphate dibasic: CaHPO4
  3. Calcium phosphate tribasic or hydroxyapatite: Ca5(PO4)3OH

Physical Properties of Calcium Phosphate:

Properties Details
AppearanceWhite(odorless powder)
StateSolid
HardnessVaries depending on the specific form
Crystal StructureVarious crystal structures, including

·         hydroxyapatite

·         and brushite

SolubilityInsoluble in water
Particle SizeTypically fine powder
Melting PointApproximately 1,450°C (2,642°F)
Density2.93 g/cm³

Chemical Properties of Calcium Phosphate:

Properties Details
Chemical FormulaVarious forms:

·         Ca₃(PO₄)₂,

·         Ca₂HPO₄,

·         CaHPO₄,

·         Ca₃(PO₄)₂H₂O, etc.

HygroscopicityAbsorbs moisture from the air
Decomposition PointDecomposes at high temperatures into calcium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide
pHVaries depending on the specific form
SolubilitySoluble in acids, such as hydrochloric acid,forming calcium and phosphate ions
ReactivityReacts with strong acids and bases
StabilityStable under normal conditions
BiocompatibilityWidely used in biomedical applications due to its biocompatible nature

Reaction of calcium phosphate with Alkali Metal

Alkali MetalReaction with Calcium Phosphate
Lithium (Li)2Li3PO4 + 3 CaCl2    react and convert into  Ca3(PO4)2 + 6LiCl
Sodium (Na)6Na3PO4 + 2 CaCl2    react and convert into  Ca3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl
Potassium (K)6K3PO4 + 2 CaCl2    react and convert into  Ca3(PO4)2 + 6KCl
Rubidium (Rb)6Rb3PO4 + 2 CaCl2    react and convert into  Ca3(PO4)2 + 6RbCl
Cesium (Cs)6Cs3PO4 + 2CaCl2   react and convert into  Ca3(PO4)2 + 6CsCl

Reaction of calcium phosphate with Transition Metal

Transition MetalReaction with Calcium Phosphate
Iron (Fe)5 Ca3(PO4)2 + 10FeCl2   react and convert into  10CaCl2 + 6Fe3(PO4)2
Copper (Cu)  no product  formed
Zinc (Zn)3 Ca3(PO4)2 2 + 10ZnSO4   react and convert into  10CaSO4 + 6Zn3(PO4)2
Nickel (Ni)  no product  formed
Cobalt (Co)  no product  formed
Manganese (Mn)3 Ca3(PO4)2 + 10MnO2   react and convert into  6Mn3(PO4)2 + 9CaO + 2Mn2O3
Chromium (Cr)  no product  formed
Titanium (Ti)  no product  formed

Reaction of calcium phosphate with Non-Transition Metal

Non-Transition MetalReaction with Calcium Phosphate
Aluminum (Al)2AlPO4 + 3Ca(OH)2   react and convert into  Al2(OH)3 + 3 Ca3(PO4)2
Gallium (Ga)  no product  formed
Silicon (Si)  no product  formed
Germanium (Ge)  no product  formed
Tin (Sn)  no product  formed
Lead (Pb)3Pb3(PO4)2 + 10PbO   react and convert into  6Pb4P2O7 + 9CaO
Antimony (Sb)  no product  formed
Bismuth (Bi)  no product  formed
Arsenic (As)  no product  formed

Reaction of calcium phosphate with Non-Metal

Non-MetalReaction with Calcium Phosphate
Hydrogen (H)  no product  formed
Carbon (C)  no product  formed
Nitrogen (N)  no product  formed
Oxygen (O)  no product  formed
Fluorine (F)  no product  formed
Phosphorus (P)3 Ca3(PO4)2 + 10P4 + 30O2   react and convert into  18CaO + 20P2O5 + 36CO2
Sulfur (S)  no product  formed
Chlorine (Cl)3 Ca3(PO4)2 + 10CaCl2 + 20Cl2   react and convert into  30CaCl2 + 6Ca(PO4)2 + 40Cl2

 

 

Related Posts: