The chemical formula for fructose is C6H12O6.
Physical Properties of Fructose:
| Properties |
Details |
| Appearance |
White crystalline solid |
| Boiling Point |
Decomposes above 200°C |
| Density |
1.59 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point |
103-105°C |
| Molecular Weight |
180.16 g/mol |
| Odor |
Odorless |
| Refractive Index |
1.474 at 20°C |
| Solubility |
Highly soluble in water |
| Taste |
Sweet |
Chemical Properties of Fructose:
| Properties |
Details |
| Acidity |
Exhibits weak acidity when dissolved in water |
| Caramelization |
Forms caramel-like substances at high temperatures |
| Chemical Structure |
Hexose sugar |
| Fermentation |
Can be fermented by yeast to produce alcohol |
| Isomerization |
Can undergo isomerization to glucose |
| Maillard Reaction |
Participates in the Maillard reaction |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H12O6 |
| Reactivity |
Reacts with acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents |
| Reducing Sugar |
Yes (reduces Fehling’s solution and Benedict’s solution) |
Reaction of fructose with Transition metal
| Transition metal |
Reaction |
Catalyst |
| Nickel |
Hydrogenation |
Raney nickel, nickel oxide |
| Ruthenium |
Hydrogenation |
Ruthenium on carbon |
| Copper |
Oxidation |
Copper(II) acetate, CuO |
| Iron |
Oxidation |
FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3 |
| Platinum |
Dehydration |
Platinum on carbon |
| Palladium |
Dehydration |
Palladium on carbon |
| Rhodium |
Dehydration |
Rhodium on carbon |
| Molybdenum |
Dehydration/hydrogenation |
Molybdenum oxide, MoS2, MoO3 |
Reaction of fructose with Non-transition metal or reagent
| Non-transition metal or reagent |
Reaction |
| Sulfuric acid |
Hydrolysis |
| Hydrochloric acid |
Hydrolysis |
| Phosphoric acid |
Hydrolysis |
| Periodic acid |
Oxidation |
| Nitric acid |
Oxidation |
Reaction of fructose with Metalloid reagent or catalyst
| Metalloid reagent or catalyst |
Reaction |
| Borax |
Formation of borate esters |
| Boric acid |
Formation of boronic acids |
| Trimethylsilyl chloride |
Silylation |
| Hexamethyldisilazane |
Silylation |
| Arsenic acid |
Formation of arsenate esters |
| Sodium arsenite |
Formation of arsenic-containing carbohydrates |
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