Chemical formula of sulfuric acid is H2SO4.
Characteristics of sulfuric acid
| Characteristic | Description |
| Chemical formula | H2SO4 |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.84 g/cm³ |
| Melting point | 10.36°C |
| Boiling point | 337°C |
| Corrosive | Highly corrosive to many materials, including metals, organic materials, and living tissues |
| Concentration | Commercially available in various concentrations, typically ranging from 10% to 98% |
| Acid strength | Strong acid with a pKa value of around -3 |
| Reactivity | Reacts violently with water and can cause exothermic reactions with many other substances |
| Uses | Widely used in the production of · fertilizers, · detergents, · dyes, and other chemicals, as well as in the · petroleum and · metal processing industries. Also used in · battery acid · and as a laboratory reagent. |
Reaction of sulfuric acid with Alkali Metal
| Alkali Metal | Reaction with Sulfuric Acid |
| Lithium (Li) | 2Li and H2SO4 react and changes into Li2SO4 and H2 |
| Sodium (Na) | 2Na and H2SO4 react and changes into Na2SO4 and H2 |
| Potassium (K) | 2K and H2SO4 react and changes into K2SO4 and HYDROGEN GAS |
| Rubidium (Rb) | 2Rb and H2SO4 react and changes into Rb2SO4 and H2 |
| Cesium (Cs) | 2Cs and H2SO4 react and changes into Cs2SO4 and H2 |
| Francium (Fr) | 2Fr and H2SO4 react and changes into Fr2SO4 and H2 |
Reaction of sulfuric acid with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal | Reaction with Sulfuric Acid |
| Beryllium (Be) | Be and H2SO4 react and changes into BeSO4 and H2 |
| Magnesium (Mg) | Mg and H2SO4 react and changes into MgSO4 and H2 |
| Calcium (Ca) | Ca and H2SO4 react and changes into CaSO4 and H2 |
| Strontium (Sr) | Sr and H2SO4 react and changes into SrSO4 and H2 |
| Barium (Ba) | Ba and H2SO4 react and changes into BaSO4 and H2 |
| Radium (Ra) | Ra and H2SO4 react and changes into RaSO4 and H2 |
Reaction of sulfuric acid with Transition Metal
| Transition Metal | Reaction with Sulfuric Acid |
| Iron (Fe) | Fe and H2SO4 react and changes into FeSO4 and H2 |
| Copper (Cu) | Cu and H2SO4 react and changes into CuSO4 and H2 |
| Silver (Ag) | Ag and H2SO4 react and changes into Ag2SO4 and H2 |
| Zinc (Zn) | Zn and H2SO4 react and changes into ZnSO4 and H2 |
| Nickel (Ni) | Ni and H2SO4 react and changes into NiSO4 and H2 |
| Cobalt (Co) | Co and H2SO4 react and changes into CoSO4 and H2 |
| Chromium (Cr) | Cr and H2SO4 react and changes into CrSO4 and H2 |
| Manganese (Mn) | Mn and H2SO4 react and changes into MnSO4 and H2 |
| Vanadium (V) | V and H2SO4 react and changes into V2(SO4)3 and H2 |
| Titanium (Ti) | Ti and H2SO4 react and changes into Ti(SO4)2 and H2 |
Reaction of sulfuric acid with Non-Transition Element
| Non-Transition Element | Reaction with Sulfuric Acid |
| Hydrogen (H) | H2SO4 and 2H react and changes into SO2 and 2H2O |
| Carbon (C) | C and 2 H2SO4 react and changes into CO2 and 2 SO2 and 2H2O |
| Nitrogen (N) | H2SO4 and 2NO2 react and changes into 2HNO3 and SO2 |
| Oxygen (O) | SO2 and H2SO4 react and changes into H2S2O7 |
| Chlorine (Cl) | 2HCl and H2SO4 react and changes into 2ClH and SO2 and H2O |
| Fluorine (F) | H2SO4 and 4HF react and changes into SiF4 and 2H2O and SO2 |
Reaction of sulfuric acid with Nonmetal
| Nonmetal | Reaction with Sulfuric Acid |
| Hydrogen (H) | H2SO4 and 2H react and changes into SO2 and 2H2O |
| Carbon (C) | C and 2H2SO4 react and changes into CO2 and 2 SO2 and 2H2O |
| Nitrogen (N) | H2SO4 and 2NO2 react and changes into 2HNO3 and SO2 |
| Oxygen (O) | SO2 and H2SO4 react and changes into H2S2O7 |
| Chlorine (Cl) | 2HCl and H2SO4 react and changes into 2ClH and SO2 and H2O |
| Fluorine (F) | H2SO4 and 4HF react and changes into SiF4 and 2H2O and SO2 |