The chemical formula of citric acid is C6H8O7.
Physical Properties of Citric Acid:
Properties | Details |
Appearance | White crystalline powder |
Boiling Point | Decomposes above 310 °C |
Density | 1.665 g/cm³ |
Melting Point | 156-159 °C |
Odor | Odorless |
Solubility | Highly soluble in water |
Taste | Sour |
Chemical Properties of Citric Acid
Properties | Details |
Acid-Base Nature | Weak organic acid, acts as a tribasic acid (three ionizable protons) |
Biodegradability | Biodegradable under normal environmental conditions |
Chelating Agent | Forms complexes with metal ions, such as calcium and iron |
Chemical Formula | C₆H₈O₇ |
Molecular Weight | 192.13 g/mol |
Reactivity | Reacts with alkalis and bases to form citrate salts |
Reducing Agent | Can undergo oxidation-reduction reactions |
Reaction of citric acid with Alkali metal
Alkali metal | Reaction with citric acid |
Lithium (Li) | 2C6H8O7 + 3LiOH react and convert into Li3C6H5O7 + 3H2O |
Sodium (Na) | 3 C6H8O7 + 3NaOH react and convert into Na3C6H5O7 + 3H2O |
Potassium (K) | 3 C6H8O7 + 3KOH react and convert into K3C6H5O7 + 3H2O |
Rubidium (Rb) | 3 C6H8O7+ 3RbOH react and convert into Rb3C6H5O7 + 3H2O |
Cesium (Cs) | 3 C6H8O7 + 3CsOH react and convert into Cs3C6H5O7 + 3H2O |
Francium (Fr) | No data available. |
Reaction of citric acid with Alkaline earth metal
Alkaline earth metal | Reaction with citric acid |
Beryllium (Be) | 3 C6H8O7 + Be(OH)2 react and convert into Be3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O |
Magnesium (Mg) | 3 C6H8O7 + Mg(OH)2 react and convert into Mg3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O |
Calcium (Ca) | 3 C6H8O7 + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O |
Strontium (Sr) | 3 C6H8O7+ Sr(OH)2 react and convert into Sr3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O |
Barium (Ba) | 3 C6H8O7 + Ba(OH)2 react and convert into Ba3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O |
Radium (Ra) | No data available. |
Reaction of citric acid with Transition metal
Transition metal | Reaction with citric acid |
Iron (Fe) | 3 C6H8O7 + 2FeCl2 react and convert into Fe3(C6H5O7)2 + 2HCl + 2H2O 3 C6H8O7 + 2FeCl3 react and convert into Fe3(C6H5O7)2 + 6HCl |
Copper (Cu) | 3 C6H8O7+ 2CuSO4 react and convert into Cu3(C6H5O7)2 + 3H2SO4 |
Zinc (Zn) | 3 C6H8O7+ ZnSO4 react and convert into Zn3(C6H5O7)2 + 3 H2SO4 |
Nickel (Ni) | 3 C6H8O77 + 2NiSO4 react and convert into Ni3(C6H5O7)2 + 3 H2SO4 |
Chromium (Cr) | 3 C6H8O77 + 2CrCl3 react and convert into Cr3(C6H5O7)2 + 6HCl |
Manganese (Mn) | 3C6H8O7 + MnSO4 react and convert into Mn3(C6H5O7)2 + 3 H2SO4 |
Cobalt (Co) | 3 C6H8O77 + 2CoCl2 react and convert into Co3(C6H5O7)2 + 2HCl + 2H2O |
Titanium (Ti) | C6H8O7+ TiO2 + 2H2O react and convert into Ti(C6H5O7)2 + 2H2O |
Reaction of citric acid with Non-transition metal/non-metal
Non-transition metal/non-metal | Reaction with citric acid |
Carbon (C) | C6H8O7+ C react and convert into C5H4O3CO2 + CO2 + 2H2O |
Sulfur (S) | C6H8O7+ 2S react and convert into H2S + 2SO2 + 2H2O |
Phosphorus (P) | C6H8O7+ P react and convert into P4O10 + 10H2O |
Reaction of citric acid with Non-metal
Non-metal | Reaction with citric acid |
Chlorine (Cl) | C6H8O7+ Cl2 react and convert into various products |
Hydrogen (H) | C6H8O7+ H2 react and convert into C6H14N2O3 |
Sulfur (S) | C6H8O7+ 2S react and convert into H2S + 2SO2 + 2H2O |
Reaction of citric acid with Metalloid
Metalloid | Reaction with citric acid |
Boron (B) | C6H8O7 + 3B2O3 react and convert into 2B(OH)3 + 3CO2 |
Silicon (Si) | C6H8O7+ 3SiO2 react and convert into C4H4O2 + 3CO2 + 3SiO2 |
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