Citric acid [Chemical formula, Physical, Chemical Properties and Reactions]

The chemical formula of citric acid is C6H8O7.

Physical Properties of Citric Acid:

Properties Details
Appearance White crystalline powder
Boiling Point Decomposes above 310 °C
Density 1.665 g/cm³
Melting Point 156-159 °C
Odor Odorless
Solubility Highly soluble in water
Taste Sour

Chemical Properties of Citric Acid

Properties Details
Acid-Base Nature Weak organic acid, acts as a tribasic acid (three ionizable protons)
Biodegradability Biodegradable under normal environmental conditions
Chelating Agent Forms complexes with metal ions, such as calcium and iron
Chemical Formula C₆H₈O₇
Molecular Weight 192.13 g/mol
Reactivity Reacts with alkalis and bases to form citrate salts
Reducing Agent Can undergo oxidation-reduction reactions

Reaction of citric acid with Alkali metal

Alkali metal Reaction with citric acid
Lithium (Li) 2C6H8O7 + 3LiOH    react and convert into  Li3C6H5O7 + 3H2O
Sodium (Na) 3 C6H8O7 + 3NaOH    react and convert into  Na3C6H5O7 + 3H2O
Potassium (K) 3 C6H8O7 + 3KOH    react and convert into  K3C6H5O7 + 3H2O
Rubidium (Rb) 3 C6H8O7+ 3RbOH    react and convert into  Rb3C6H5O7 + 3H2O
Cesium (Cs) 3 C6H8O7 + 3CsOH    react and convert into  Cs3C6H5O7 + 3H2O
Francium (Fr) No data available.

Reaction of citric acid with Alkaline earth metal

Alkaline earth metal Reaction with citric acid
Beryllium (Be) 3 C6H8O7 + Be(OH)2    react and convert into  Be3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O
Magnesium (Mg) 3 C6H8O7 + Mg(OH)2    react and convert into  Mg3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O
Calcium (Ca) 3 C6H8O7 + Ca(OH)2    react and convert into  Ca3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O
Strontium (Sr) 3 C6H8O7+ Sr(OH)2    react and convert into  Sr3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O
Barium (Ba) 3 C6H8O7 + Ba(OH)2    react and convert into  Ba3(C6H5O7)2 + 4H2O
Radium (Ra) No data available.

Reaction of citric acid with Transition metal

Transition metal Reaction with citric acid
Iron (Fe) 3 C6H8O7 + 2FeCl2    react and convert into  Fe3(C6H5O7)2 + 2HCl + 2H2O

3 C6H8O7 + 2FeCl3    react and convert into  Fe3(C6H5O7)2  + 6HCl
Copper (Cu) 3 C6H8O7+ 2CuSO4    react and convert into  Cu3(C6H5O7)2  + 3H2SO4
Zinc (Zn) 3 C6H8O7+ ZnSO4    react and convert into  Zn3(C6H5O7)2 + 3 H2SO4
Nickel (Ni) 3 C6H8O77 + 2NiSO4    react and convert into  Ni3(C6H5O7)2 + 3 H2SO4
Chromium (Cr) 3 C6H8O77 + 2CrCl3    react and convert into  Cr3(C6H5O7)2 + 6HCl
Manganese (Mn) 3C6H8O7 + MnSO4    react and convert into  Mn3(C6H5O7)2 + 3 H2SO4
Cobalt (Co) 3 C6H8O77 + 2CoCl2    react and convert into  Co3(C6H5O7)2 + 2HCl + 2H2O
Titanium (Ti) C6H8O7+ TiO2 + 2H2O    react and convert into  Ti(C6H5O7)2 + 2H2O

Reaction of citric acid with Non-transition metal/non-metal

Non-transition metal/non-metal Reaction with citric acid
Carbon (C) C6H8O7+ C    react and convert into  C5H4O3CO2 + CO2 + 2H2O
Sulfur (S) C6H8O7+ 2S    react and convert into  H2S + 2SO2 + 2H2O
Phosphorus (P) C6H8O7+ P    react and convert into  P4O10 + 10H2O

Reaction of citric acid with Non-metal

Non-metal Reaction with citric acid
Chlorine (Cl) C6H8O7+ Cl2    react and convert into  various products
Hydrogen (H) C6H8O7+ H2    react and convert into  C6H14N2O3
Sulfur (S) C6H8O7+ 2S    react and convert into  H2S + 2SO2 + 2H2O

Reaction of citric acid with Metalloid

Metalloid Reaction with citric acid
Boron (B) C6H8O7 + 3B2O3    react and convert into  2B(OH)3 + 3CO2
Silicon (Si) C6H8O7+ 3SiO2    react and convert into  C4H4O2 + 3CO2 + 3SiO2

 

 

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