Chemical formula of octane [Physical, Chemical Properties and Reactions)

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: February 3, 2024

The chemical formula for octane is C8H18

Physical Properties of Octane:

Properties  Details
Molecular Formula C8H18
Molecular Weight 114.22 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Gasoline-like smell
Melting Point -57.0 °C
Boiling Point 125.6 °C
Density 0.703 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Solubility Insoluble in water, miscible with organic solvents
Vapor Pressure 2.9 kPa at 20 °C
Flash Point -17.8 °C
Autoignition Temperature 218 °C

Chemical Properties of Octane:

Properties Details
Combustibility Highly flammable
Stability Stable under normal conditions
Oxidation Reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
Reactivity Generally unreactive with most chemicals
Octane Number Measures the fuel’s resistance to knocking in internal combustion engines
Polymerization Can undergo polymerization under certain conditions
Halogenation Can undergo halogenation reactions
Hydrogenation Can undergo hydrogenation reactions
Oxidation Can undergo oxidation reactions
Acid-Base Properties Neutral substance, does not exhibit acidic or basic behavior

 

Reactions of octane with Alkali Metal

Alkali Metal   Chemical Equation
Lithium (Li) C8H18+ 2 Li → 2 LiC8H17 + LiH
Sodium (Na) C8H18+ 2 Na → 2 NaC8H17O + H2
Potassium (K) C8H18+ 2 K → 2 KC8H17O + H2
Rubidium (Rb) C8H18+ 2 Rb → 2 RbC8H17O + H2
Cesium (Cs) C8H18+ 2 Cs → 2 CsC8H17O + H2
Francium (Fr) C8H18+ 2 Fr → 2 FrC8H17O + H2

Reactions of octane with Alkaline Earth Metal

Alkaline Earth Metal   Chemical Equation
Beryllium (Be) C8H18+ 2 Be → 2 BeC8H17 + BeH2
Magnesium (Mg) C8H18+ 2 Mg → 2 MgC8H17O + H2
Calcium (Ca) C8H18+ 2 Ca → 2 CaC8H17O + H2
Strontium (Sr) C8H18+ 2 Sr → 2 Sr C8H17O + H2
Barium (Ba) C8H18+ 2 Ba → 2 Ba C8H17O + H2
Radium (Ra) C8H18+ 2 Ra → 2 Ra C8H17O + H2

 

Reactions of octane with Transition Metal

Transition Metal   Chemical Equation
Scandium (Sc) C8H18+ 2 Sc → 2 Sc C8H17
Titanium (Ti) C8H18+ 2 Ti → 2 Ti C8H17
Vanadium (V) C8H18+ 2 V → 2 V C8H17
Chromium (Cr) C8H18+ 2 Cr → 2 Cr C8H17
Manganese (Mn) C8H18 + 2 Mn → 2 Mn C8H17
Iron (Fe) C8H18+ 2 Fe → 2 Fe C8H17
Cobalt (Co) C8H18+ 2 Co → 2 Co C8H17
Nickel (Ni) C8H18+ 2 Ni → 2 Ni C8H17
Copper (Cu) C8H18+ 2 Cu → 2 Cu C8H17
Zinc (Zn) C8H18+ 2 Zn → 2 Zn C8H17
Silver (Ag) C8H18+ 2 Ag → 2 Ag C8H17
Platinum (Pt) C8H18+ Pt → Pt C8H17
Gold (Au) C8H18+ Au → Au C8H17

Reactions of octane with Non-Transition Metal

Non-Transition Metal   Chemical Equation
Aluminum (Al) C8H18+ 2 Al → 2 Al C8H17
Gallium (Ga) C8H18+ 2 Ga → 2 Ga C8H17
Indium (In) C8H18+ 2 In → 2 In C8H17
Tin (Sn) C8H18+ 2 Sn → 2 Sn C8H17
Lead (Pb) C8H18+ 2 Pb → 2 Pb C8H17
Bismuth (Bi) C8H18+ 2 Bi → 2 Bi C8H17
Antimony (Sb) C8H18+ 2 Sb → 2 Sb C8H17
Arsenic (As) C8H18+ 2 As → 2 As C8H17
Selenium (Se) C8H18+ 2 Se → 2 Se C8H17
Tellurium (Te) C8H18+ 2 Te → 2 Te C8H17

 

Reactions of octane with Non-Metal

Non-Metal   Chemical Equation
Hydrogen (H) C8H18+ 25 H2 → 16 CH4 + 8 H2
Carbon (C) C8H18+ 8 C → 9 C8H17
Nitrogen (N) C8H18+ 2 N2 → 8 N– C8H17
Oxygen (O) C8H18+ 25 O2 → 16 CO2 + 18 H2O
Fluorine (F) C8H18+ 8 F2 → 8 F– C8H17
Phosphorus (P) C8H18+ P4 → 4 P– C8H17
Sulfur (S) C8H18+ 8 S8 → 8 S– C8H17
Chlorine (Cl) C8H18+ 8 Cl2 → 8 Cl– C8H17
Bromine (Br) C8H18+ 8 Br2 → 8 Br– C8H17
Iodine (I) C8H18+ 8 I2 → 8 I– C8H17

 

Reactions of octane with Metalloid

 

Metalloid   Chemical Equation
Boron (B) C8H18 + B2H6 → 2 BH3- C8H17
Silicon (Si) C8H18+ SiH4 → Si– C8H17 + 4 H2
Germanium (Ge) C8H18+ GeH4 → Ge– C8H17 + 4 H2
Arsenic (As) C8H18+ 2 AsH3 → 2 As– C8H17 + 6 H2
Antimony (Sb) C8H18+ 2 SbH3 → 2 Sb– C8H17 + 6 H2
Tellurium (Te) C8H18 + 2 TeH2 → 2 Te– C8H17 + 4 H2

 

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