The chemical formula for kerosene is C₁₂H₂₆.
Physical Properties of Kerosene:
| Properties |
Details |
| Appearance |
Colorless or pale yellow liquid |
| Boiling Point |
150°C to 300°C (depending on the grade) |
| Density |
0.78 to 0.84 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point |
Approximately 38°C to 72°C (lower flash point for jet-grade) |
| Heat of Combustion |
Approximately 43 MJ/kg |
| Melting Point |
-40°C to -60°C |
| Odor |
Mild, characteristic odor |
| Refractive Index |
Approximately 1.45 |
| Solubility |
Insoluble in water, miscible with hydrocarbons |
| State of Matter |
Liquid at room temperature |
| Viscosity |
Low viscosity |
Chemical Properties of Kerosene:
| Properties |
Details |
| Autoignition Temperature |
Approximately 210°C to 300°C |
| Chemical Reactions |
Can undergo combustion, oxidation, and other hydrocarbon reactions |
| Combustibility |
Highly flammable |
| Composition |
Mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily alkanes |
| Environmental Impact |
Kerosene can have negative effects on the environment if not handled properly |
| Ignition Temperature |
Approximately 210°C to 260°C |
| Oxidizing Properties |
Kerosene does not possess strong oxidizing properties |
| Reactivity |
Relatively stable under normal conditions |
| Stability |
Stable under ordinary storage and handling |
Reactions of kerosene with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal |
|
Equation |
| Beryllium (Be) |
|
no product formed |
| Magnesium (Mg) |
|
2Mg + C₁₂H₂₆ react and convert into 2Mg(OR)₂ + 13H₂ |
| Calcium (Ca) |
|
2Ca + C₁₂H₂₆ react and convert into 2Ca(OR)₂ + 13H₂ |
| Strontium (Sr) |
|
2Sr + C₁₂H₂₆ react and convert into 2Sr(OR)₂ + 13H₂ |
| Barium (Ba) |
|
2Ba + C₁₂H₂₆ react and convert into 2Ba(OR)₂ + 13H₂ |
| Radium (Ra) |
|
no product formed |
Reactions of kerosene with Transition Metal
| Transition Metal |
|
Equation |
| Iron (Fe) |
|
3Fe + 4C₁₂H₂₆ react and convert into 3Fe(OR)₂ + 13H₂ |
| Nickel (Ni) |
|
3Ni + 4C₁₂H₂₆ react and convert into 3Ni(OR)₂ + 13H₂ |
| Copper (Cu) |
|
no product formed |
| Silver (Ag) |
|
no product formed |
| Platinum (Pt) |
|
no product formed |
| Gold (Au) |
|
no product formed |
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