Lime water have following chemical formula Ca(OH)
2
Physical Properties of Lime Water:
| Properties |
Details |
| Solubility |
Highly soluble in water |
| pH Level |
Alkaline (around 12-13) |
| Odor |
Faint odor |
| Melting Point |
Decomposes before melting |
| Density |
Approximately 1.02 g/cm³ at 25°C |
| Conductivity |
Good conductor of electricity due to the presence of ions |
| Clarity |
Clear or slightly cloudy liquid |
| Boiling Point |
Decomposes at high temperatures (above 100°C) |
| Appearance |
Colorless liquid |
Chemical Properties of Lime Water:
| Properties |
Details |
| Chemical Formula |
Ca(OH)₂ (Calcium hydroxide) |
| Lime Water Test |
Lime water turns milky/cloudy when carbon dioxide is passed through it, indicating the presence of carbon dioxide.
Example:
CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O (Milky/cloudy appearance) |
| Oxidation/Reduction |
Lime water is not typically involved in oxidation or reduction reactions. |
| Reaction with Acid |
Reacts with acids to form calcium salts and water.
Example:
Ca(OH)₂ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + 2H₂O |
| Reaction with CO₂ |
Reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate (a white precipitate) and water.
Example:
Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O |
| Reaction with Metals |
Reacts with certain metals to form hydrogen gas and corresponding metal hydroxides. Example: Ca(OH)₂ + 2Al → Al(OH)₃ + H₂ |
| Stability |
Lime water is stable under normal conditions but can absorb carbon dioxide from the air, forming calcium carbonate and becoming cloudy. It should be stored in a tightly closed container. |
Reaction of lime water with Alkali metal
| Alkali metal |
Chemical symbol |
Reaction with lime water |
| Lithium |
Li |
Li + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into CaLi2 + H2O |
| Sodium |
Na |
2 Na + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 NaOH |
| Potassium |
K |
2 K + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 KOH |
| Rubidium |
Rb |
2 Rb + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 RbOH |
| Cesium |
Cs |
2 Cs + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 CsOH |
| Francium |
Fr |
2 Fr + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 FrOH |
Reaction of lime water with Alkaline earth metal
| Alkaline earth metal |
Chemical symbol |
Reaction with lime water |
| Beryllium |
Be |
Be + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product |
| Magnesium |
Mg |
Mg + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product |
| Calcium |
Ca |
Ca + 2 Ca(OH)2 react and convert into 3 CaO + 2 H2O |
| Strontium |
Sr |
Sr + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Sr(OH)2 + Ca |
| Barium |
Ba |
Ba + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ba(OH)2 + Ca |
Reaction of lime water with Transition metal
| Transition metal |
Chemical symbol |
Possible reactions with lime water |
| Iron |
Fe |
Fe + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Fe(OH)2 + Ca |
| Copper |
Cu |
Cu + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product in neutral solution; may form Cu(OH)2 in basic solution |
| Zinc |
Zn |
Zn + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product |
| Silver |
Ag |
Ag + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product in neutral solution; may form AgOH in basic solution |
| Nickel |
Ni |
Ni + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ni(OH)2 + Ca |
| Cobalt |
Co |
Co + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + Ca |
Reaction of lime water with Non-transition metal
| Non-transition metal |
Chemical symbol |
Reaction with lime water |
| Hydrogen |
H |
no product |
| Boron |
B |
no product |
| Carbon |
C |
C + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into CaCO3 (white ppt) + H2O |
| Nitrogen |
N |
no product |
| Oxygen |
O |
no product |
| Fluorine |
F |
no product |
| Neon |
Ne |
no product |
| Aluminum |
Al |
no product in neutral solution; may form Al(OH)3 in basic solution |
| Silicon |
Si |
no product |
| Phosphorus |
P |
no product |
| Sulfur |
S |
no product |
| Chlorine |
Cl |
no product |
| Argon |
Ar |
no product |
Reaction of lime water with Non-metal
| Non-metal |
Chemical symbol |
Reaction with lime water |
| Hydrogen |
H |
no product |
| Carbon |
C |
C + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into CaCO3 (white ppt) + H2O |
| Nitrogen |
N |
no product |
| Oxygen |
O |
no product |
| Fluorine |
F |
no product |
| Neon |
Ne |
no product |
| Phosphorus |
P |
no product |
| Sulfur |
S |
S + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into CaS (yellow/brown ppt) + H2O |
| Chlorine |
Cl |
no product |
| Argon |
Ar |
no product |
Reaction of lime water with Metalloid
| Metalloid |
Chemical symbol |
Reaction with lime water |
| Boron |
B |
no product |
| Silicon |
Si |
no product |
| Germanium |
Ge |
no product |
| Arsenic |
As |
As + 3 Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca3(AsO4)2 (white ppt) + 2H2O |
| Antimony |
Sb |
no product |
| Tellurium |
Te |
no product |
Reaction of lime water with Lanthanide
| Lanthanide |
Chemical symbol |
Reaction with lime water |
| Lanthanum |
La |
La + 2H2O react and convert into La(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Cerium |
Ce |
Ce + 2H2O react and convert into Ce(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Praseodymium |
Pr |
Pr + 2H2O react and convert into Pr(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Neodymium |
Nd |
Nd + 2H2O react and convert into Nd(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Promethium |
Pm |
Pm + 2H2O react and convert into Pm(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Samarium |
Sm |
Sm + 2H2O react and convert into Sm(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Europium |
Eu |
Eu + 2H2O react and convert into Eu(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Gadolinium |
Gd |
Gd + 2H2O react and convert into Gd(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Terbium |
Tb |
Tb + 2 H2O react and convert into Tb(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Dysprosium |
Dy |
Dy + 2 H2O react and convert into Dy(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Holmium |
Ho |
Ho + 2 H2O react and convert into Ho(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Erbium |
Er |
Er + 2 H2O react and convert into Er(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Thulium |
Tm |
Tm + 2 H2O react and convert into Tm(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Ytterbium |
Yb |
Yb + 2 H2O react and convert into Yb(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Lutetium |
Lu |
Lu + 2 H2O react and convert into Lu(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
Reaction of lime water with Actinide
| Actinide |
Chemical symbol |
Reaction with lime water |
| Actinium |
Ac |
Ac + 2 H2O react and convert into Ac(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Thorium |
Th |
Th + 2 H2O react and convert into Th(OH)4 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Protactinium |
Pa |
Pa + 2 H2O react and convert into Pa(OH)4 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Uranium |
U |
U + 2 H2O react and convert into UO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Neptunium |
Np |
Np + 2 H2O react and convert into NpO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Plutonium |
Pu |
Pu + 2 H2O react and convert into PuO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Americium |
Am |
Am + 2 H2O react and convert into AmO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Curium |
Cm |
Cm + 2 H2O react and convert into CmO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Berkelium |
Bk |
Bk + 2 H2O react and convert into BkO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Californium |
Cf |
Cf + 2 H2O react and convert into CfO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Einsteinium |
Es |
Es + 2 H2O react and convert into EsO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Fermium |
Fm |
Fm + 2 H2O react and convert into FmO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Mendelevium |
Md |
Md + 2 H2O react and convert into MdO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Nobelium |
No |
No + 2 H2O react and convert into NoO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Lawrencium |
Lr |
Lr + 2H2O react and convert into LrO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
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