Lime water have following chemical formula Ca(OH)2
Physical Properties of Lime Water:
| Properties | Details |
| Solubility | Highly soluble in water |
| pH Level | Alkaline (around 12-13) |
| Odor | Faint odor |
| Melting Point | Decomposes before melting |
| Density | Approximately 1.02 g/cm³ at 25°C |
| Conductivity | Good conductor of electricity due to the presence of ions |
| Clarity | Clear or slightly cloudy liquid |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes at high temperatures (above 100°C) |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
Chemical Properties of Lime Water:
| Properties | Details |
| Chemical Formula | Ca(OH)₂ (Calcium hydroxide) |
| Lime Water Test | Lime water turns milky/cloudy when carbon dioxide is passed through it, indicating the presence of carbon dioxide. Example: CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O (Milky/cloudy appearance) |
| Oxidation/Reduction | Lime water is not typically involved in oxidation or reduction reactions. |
| Reaction with Acid | Reacts with acids to form calcium salts and water. Example:
Ca(OH)₂ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + 2H₂O |
| Reaction with CO₂ | Reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate (a white precipitate) and water. Example: Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O |
| Reaction with Metals | Reacts with certain metals to form hydrogen gas and corresponding metal hydroxides. Example: Ca(OH)₂ + 2Al → Al(OH)₃ + H₂ |
| Stability | Lime water is stable under normal conditions but can absorb carbon dioxide from the air, forming calcium carbonate and becoming cloudy. It should be stored in a tightly closed container. |
Reaction of lime water with Alkali metal
| Alkali metal | Chemical symbol | Reaction with lime water |
| Lithium | Li | Li + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into CaLi2 + H2O |
| Sodium | Na | 2 Na + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 NaOH |
| Potassium | K | 2 K + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 KOH |
| Rubidium | Rb | 2 Rb + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 RbOH |
| Cesium | Cs | 2 Cs + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 CsOH |
| Francium | Fr | 2 Fr + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + 2 FrOH |
Reaction of lime water with Alkaline earth metal
| Alkaline earth metal | Chemical symbol | Reaction with lime water |
| Beryllium | Be | Be + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product |
| Magnesium | Mg | Mg + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product |
| Calcium | Ca | Ca + 2 Ca(OH)2 react and convert into 3 CaO + 2 H2O |
| Strontium | Sr | Sr + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Sr(OH)2 + Ca |
| Barium | Ba | Ba + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ba(OH)2 + Ca |
Reaction of lime water with Transition metal
| Transition metal | Chemical symbol | Possible reactions with lime water |
| Iron | Fe | Fe + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Fe(OH)2 + Ca |
| Copper | Cu | Cu + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product in neutral solution; may form Cu(OH)2 in basic solution |
| Zinc | Zn | Zn + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product |
| Silver | Ag | Ag + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into no product in neutral solution; may form AgOH in basic solution |
| Nickel | Ni | Ni + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ni(OH)2 + Ca |
| Cobalt | Co | Co + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca(OH)2 + Ca |
Reaction of lime water with Non-transition metal
| Non-transition metal | Chemical symbol | Reaction with lime water |
| Hydrogen | H | no product |
| Boron | B | no product |
| Carbon | C | C + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into CaCO3 (white ppt) + H2O |
| Nitrogen | N | no product |
| Oxygen | O | no product |
| Fluorine | F | no product |
| Neon | Ne | no product |
| Aluminum | Al | no product in neutral solution; may form Al(OH)3 in basic solution |
| Silicon | Si | no product |
| Phosphorus | P | no product |
| Sulfur | S | no product |
| Chlorine | Cl | no product |
| Argon | Ar | no product |
Reaction of lime water with Non-metal
| Non-metal | Chemical symbol | Reaction with lime water |
| Hydrogen | H | no product |
| Carbon | C | C + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into CaCO3 (white ppt) + H2O |
| Nitrogen | N | no product |
| Oxygen | O | no product |
| Fluorine | F | no product |
| Neon | Ne | no product |
| Phosphorus | P | no product |
| Sulfur | S | S + Ca(OH)2 react and convert into CaS (yellow/brown ppt) + H2O |
| Chlorine | Cl | no product |
| Argon | Ar | no product |
Reaction of lime water with Metalloid
| Metalloid | Chemical symbol | Reaction with lime water |
| Boron | B | no product |
| Silicon | Si | no product |
| Germanium | Ge | no product |
| Arsenic | As | As + 3 Ca(OH)2 react and convert into Ca3(AsO4)2 (white ppt) + 2H2O |
| Antimony | Sb | no product |
| Tellurium | Te | no product |
Reaction of lime water with Lanthanide
| Lanthanide | Chemical symbol | Reaction with lime water |
| Lanthanum | La | La + 2H2O react and convert into La(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Cerium | Ce | Ce + 2H2O react and convert into Ce(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Praseodymium | Pr | Pr + 2H2O react and convert into Pr(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Neodymium | Nd | Nd + 2H2O react and convert into Nd(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Promethium | Pm | Pm + 2H2O react and convert into Pm(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Samarium | Sm | Sm + 2H2O react and convert into Sm(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Europium | Eu | Eu + 2H2O react and convert into Eu(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Gadolinium | Gd | Gd + 2H2O react and convert into Gd(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Terbium | Tb | Tb + 2 H2O react and convert into Tb(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Dysprosium | Dy | Dy + 2 H2O react and convert into Dy(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Holmium | Ho | Ho + 2 H2O react and convert into Ho(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Erbium | Er | Er + 2 H2O react and convert into Er(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Thulium | Tm | Tm + 2 H2O react and convert into Tm(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Ytterbium | Yb | Yb + 2 H2O react and convert into Yb(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Lutetium | Lu | Lu + 2 H2O react and convert into Lu(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
Reaction of lime water with Actinide
| Actinide | Chemical symbol | Reaction with lime water |
| Actinium | Ac | Ac + 2 H2O react and convert into Ac(OH)3 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Thorium | Th | Th + 2 H2O react and convert into Th(OH)4 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Protactinium | Pa | Pa + 2 H2O react and convert into Pa(OH)4 (white ppt) + H2 |
| Uranium | U | U + 2 H2O react and convert into UO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Neptunium | Np | Np + 2 H2O react and convert into NpO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Plutonium | Pu | Pu + 2 H2O react and convert into PuO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Americium | Am | Am + 2 H2O react and convert into AmO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Curium | Cm | Cm + 2 H2O react and convert into CmO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Berkelium | Bk | Bk + 2 H2O react and convert into BkO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Californium | Cf | Cf + 2 H2O react and convert into CfO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Einsteinium | Es | Es + 2 H2O react and convert into EsO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Fermium | Fm | Fm + 2 H2O react and convert into FmO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Mendelevium | Md | Md + 2 H2O react and convert into MdO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Nobelium | No | No + 2 H2O react and convert into NoO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |
| Lawrencium | Lr | Lr + 2H2O react and convert into LrO2(OH)2 (yellow-brown ppt) + H2 |