The chemical formula of hydrogen is H2
Physical Properties of hydrogen
| Properties | Details |
| Appearance | Colorless and odorless gas |
| Boiling Point | -252.87°C (-423.17°F) |
| Density | 0.0899 g/L |
| Melting Point | -259.16°C (-434.49°F) |
| Molecular Weight | 2.01588 g/mol |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in water |
| State | Gas at room temperature and pressure |
Chemical Properties of Hydrogen:
| Properties | Details |
| Combustibility | Highly flammable, burns in air or oxygen |
| Oxidation State | Can exhibit oxidation states of +1 (in most compounds) |
| Reaction with Acids | Reacts with acids to produce hydrogen gas |
| Reaction with Halogens | Reacts with halogens (e.g., chlorine) to form hydrogen halides |
| Reaction with Metals | Can react with certain metals to form metal hydrides |
| Reaction with Oxygen | Combines with oxygen to form water (H2O) |
| Reactivity | Highly reactive gas |
Reaction of hydrogen with Alkali Metal
| Alkali Metal | Reaction with Hydrogen | |
| Lithium | Li + H2→ LiH | |
| Sodium | 2Na + 2 H2 → 2NaH + H2 | |
| Potassium | 2K + 2 H2 → 2KH + H2 | |
| Rubidium | 2Rb + 2 H2 → 2RbH + H2 | |
| Cesium | 2Cs + 2 H2 → 2CsH + H2 | |
| Francium | 2Fr + 2 H2 → 2FrH + H2 | |
Reaction of hydrogen with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal | Reaction with Hydrogen | |
| Beryllium | Be + H2→ BeH2 | |
| Magnesium | Mg + H2→ MgH2 | |
| Calcium | Ca + H2→ CaH2 | |
| Strontium | Sr + H2→ SrH2 | |
| Barium | Ba + H2→ BaH2 | |
Reaction of hydrogen with Transition Metal
| Transition Metal | Reaction with Hydrogen | |
| Titanium | Ti + 2 H2 → TiH4 | |
| Vanadium | V + 2 H2 → VH4 | |
| Chromium | Cr + 4 H2 → CrH8 | |
| Iron | Fe + 4 H2 → FeH8 | |
| Cobalt | Co + 4 H2 → CoH8 | |
| Nickel | Ni + 4 H2 → NiH8 | |
| Copper | Cu + H2→ CuH | |
| Palladium | Pd + H2→ PdH | |
| Silver | Ag + H2→ AgH | |
| Platinum | Pt + H2→ PtH2 | |
Reaction of hydrogen with Non-Transition Metal
| Non-Transition Metal | Reaction with Hydrogen | |
| Boron | B + 3 H2 → B2H6 | |
| Carbon | C + 2 H2 → CH4 | |
| Nitrogen | N2 + 3 H2 → 2NH3 | |
| Oxygen | O2 + 2 H2 → 2H2O | |
| Fluorine | F2 + H2→ 2HF | |
| Chlorine | Cl2 + H2→ 2HCl | |
| Bromine | Br2 + H2→ 2HBr | |
| Iodine | I2 + H2→ 2HI | |
Reaction of hydrogen with Non-Metal
| Non-Metal | Reaction with Hydrogen | |
| Hydrogen | H2+ H2→ 2H2 | |
| Carbon | C + H2→ CH4 | |
| Nitrogen | N2 + 3 H2 → 2NH3 | |
| Oxygen | O2 + 2 H2 → 2H2O | |
| Fluorine | F2 + H2→ 2HF | |
| Chlorine | Cl2 + H2 → 2HCl | |
| Bromine | Br2 + H2→ 2HBr | |
| Iodine | I2 + H2 → 2HI | |
| Sulfur | S + 2H2 → H2S | |
| Phosphorus | P4 + 6H2 → 4PH3 | |
Reaction of hydrogen with Metalloid
| Metalloid | Reaction with Hydrogen | |
| Boron | B + 3H2 → B2H6 | |
| Silicon | Si + 2H2 → SiH4 | |
| Germanium | Ge + 2H2 → GeH4 | |
| Arsenic | As + 3H2 → AsH3 | |
| Antimony | Sb + 3H2 → SbH3 | |
Reaction of hydrogen with Actinide
| Actinide | Reaction with Hydrogen | |
| Uranium | U + 2H2 → UH3 | |
| Plutonium | Pu + 2H2 → PuH2 | |
Reaction of hydrogen with Lanthanide
| Lanthanide | Reaction with Hydrogen | |
| Cerium | Ce + 2H2 → CeH2 | |
| Praseodymium | Pr + 2H2 → PrH2 | |
| Neodymium | Nd + 2H2 → NdH2 | |
| Samarium | Sm + 2H2 → SmH2 | |
| Europium | Eu + 2H2 → EuH2 | |
| Ytterbium | Yb + 2H2 → YbH2 | |
| | | |
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