fructose [Chemical formula, Physical, Chemical Properties and Reactions]

The chemical formula for fructose is C6H12O6.

Physical Properties of Fructose:

Properties Details
Appearance White crystalline solid
Boiling Point Decomposes above 200°C
Density 1.59 g/cm³
Melting Point 103-105°C
Molecular Weight 180.16 g/mol
Odor Odorless
Refractive Index 1.474 at 20°C
Solubility Highly soluble in water
Taste Sweet

Chemical Properties of Fructose:

Properties Details
Acidity Exhibits weak acidity when dissolved in water
Caramelization Forms caramel-like substances at high temperatures
Chemical Structure Hexose sugar
Fermentation Can be fermented by yeast to produce alcohol
Isomerization Can undergo isomerization to glucose
Maillard Reaction Participates in the Maillard reaction
Molecular Formula C6H12O6
Reactivity Reacts with acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents
Reducing Sugar Yes (reduces Fehling’s solution and Benedict’s solution)

Reaction of fructose with Transition metal

Transition metal Reaction Catalyst
Nickel Hydrogenation Raney nickel, nickel oxide
Ruthenium Hydrogenation Ruthenium on carbon
Copper Oxidation Copper(II) acetate, CuO
Iron Oxidation FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3
Platinum Dehydration Platinum on carbon
Palladium Dehydration Palladium on carbon
Rhodium Dehydration Rhodium on carbon
Molybdenum Dehydration/hydrogenation Molybdenum oxide, MoS2, MoO3

Reaction of fructose with Non-transition metal or reagent

Non-transition metal or reagent Reaction
Sulfuric acid Hydrolysis
Hydrochloric acid Hydrolysis
Phosphoric acid Hydrolysis
Periodic acid Oxidation
Nitric acid Oxidation

Reaction of fructose with Metalloid reagent or catalyst

Metalloid reagent or catalyst Reaction
Borax Formation of borate esters
Boric acid Formation of boronic acids
Trimethylsilyl chloride Silylation
Hexamethyldisilazane Silylation
Arsenic acid Formation of arsenate esters
Sodium arsenite Formation of arsenic-containing carbohydrates

 

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