The chemical formula for fructose is C6H12O6.
Physical Properties of Fructose:
| Properties | Details |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes above 200°C |
| Density | 1.59 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 103-105°C |
| Molecular Weight | 180.16 g/mol |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Refractive Index | 1.474 at 20°C |
| Solubility | Highly soluble in water |
| Taste | Sweet |
Chemical Properties of Fructose:
| Properties | Details |
| Acidity | Exhibits weak acidity when dissolved in water |
| Caramelization | Forms caramel-like substances at high temperatures |
| Chemical Structure | Hexose sugar |
| Fermentation | Can be fermented by yeast to produce alcohol |
| Isomerization | Can undergo isomerization to glucose |
| Maillard Reaction | Participates in the Maillard reaction |
| Molecular Formula | C6H12O6 |
| Reactivity | Reacts with acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents |
| Reducing Sugar | Yes (reduces Fehling’s solution and Benedict’s solution) |
Reaction of fructose with Transition metal
| Transition metal | Reaction | Catalyst |
| Nickel | Hydrogenation | Raney nickel, nickel oxide |
| Ruthenium | Hydrogenation | Ruthenium on carbon |
| Copper | Oxidation | Copper(II) acetate, CuO |
| Iron | Oxidation | FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3 |
| Platinum | Dehydration | Platinum on carbon |
| Palladium | Dehydration | Palladium on carbon |
| Rhodium | Dehydration | Rhodium on carbon |
| Molybdenum | Dehydration/hydrogenation | Molybdenum oxide, MoS2, MoO3 |
Reaction of fructose with Non-transition metal or reagent
| Non-transition metal or reagent | Reaction |
| Sulfuric acid | Hydrolysis |
| Hydrochloric acid | Hydrolysis |
| Phosphoric acid | Hydrolysis |
| Periodic acid | Oxidation |
| Nitric acid | Oxidation |
Reaction of fructose with Metalloid reagent or catalyst
| Metalloid reagent or catalyst | Reaction |
| Borax | Formation of borate esters |
| Boric acid | Formation of boronic acids |
| Trimethylsilyl chloride | Silylation |
| Hexamethyldisilazane | Silylation |
| Arsenic acid | Formation of arsenate esters |
| Sodium arsenite | Formation of arsenic-containing carbohydrates |