The Chemical formula used for sodium hydroxide is NaOH.
Characteristics of sodium hydroxide
| Properties | Details |
| Chemical formula | NaOH |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, ethanol, and methanol |
| Melting point | 318 °C (604 °F) |
| Boiling point | 1,388 °C (2,530 °F) |
| pH | Highly alkaline(pH of a 0.1 M solution is around 13) |
| Appearance | · White, · odorless, · opaque solid or colorless, · viscous liquid |
| Corrosiveness | Highly corrosive to · skin, · eyes · and mucous membranes |
| Reactivity | Reacts violently with strong acids and can cause explosions |
Reaction of sodium hydroxide with Alkali Metal
| Alkali Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Sodium Hydroxide |
| Lithium | Li | Li + NaOH react and changes into NaLiO2 + 1/2 H2 |
| Sodium | Na | NaOH + Na react and changes into 2 Na2O + H2 |
| Potassium | K | 2 KOH + 2 Na react and changes into 2 Na2O + H2 + K2O |
| Rubidium | Rb | 2 RbOH + 2 Na react and changes into 2 Na2O + H2 + Rb2O |
| Cesium | Cs | 2 CsOH + 2 Na react and changes into 2 Na2O + H2 + Cs2O |
Reaction of sodium hydroxide with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Sodium Hydroxide |
| Beryllium | Be | Be(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2BeO2 + 2 H2O |
| Magnesium | Mg | Mg(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2MgO2 + 2 H2O |
| Calcium | Ca | Ca(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2CaO2 + 2 H2O |
| Strontium | Sr | Sr(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2SrO2 + 2 H2O |
| Barium | Ba | Ba(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2BaO2 + 2 H2O |
Reaction of sodium hydroxide with Transition Metal
| Transition Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Sodium Hydroxide |
| Scandium | Sc | Sc(OH)3 + 3 NaOH react and changes into NaScO2 + 3 H2O |
| Titanium | Ti | Ti(OH)4 + 4 NaOH react and changes into Na2TiO2 + 3 H2O |
| Vanadium | V | V(OH)4 + 4 NaOH react and changes into Na2V2O5 + 4 H2O |
| Chromium | Cr | Cr(OH)3 + 3 NaOH react and changes into Na2CrO4 + 3 H2O |
| Manganese | Mn | Mn(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2MnO2 + 2 H2O |
| Iron | Fe | Fe(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2FeO2 + 2 H2O |
| Cobalt | Co | Co(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2CoO2 + 2 H2O |
| Nickel | Ni | Ni(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2NiO2 + 2 H2O |
| Copper | Cu | Cu(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2CuO2 + 2 H2O |
| Zinc | Zn | Zn(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2ZnO2 + 2 H2O |
Reaction of sodium hydroxide with Non-Transition Metal
| Non-Transition Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Sodium Hydroxide |
| Aluminum | Al | 2 Al(OH)3 + 6 NaOH react and changes into 2 Na3AlO3 + 6 H2O |
| Magnesium | Mg | Mg(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2MgO2 + 2 H2O |
| Calcium | Ca | Ca(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Ca(OH)2 + 2 Na2O |
| Strontium | Sr | Sr(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Sr(OH)2 + 2 Na2O |
| Barium | Ba | Ba(OH)2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Ba(OH)2 + 2 Na2O |
Reaction of sodium hydroxide with Metalloid
| Metalloid | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Sodium Hydroxide |
| Boron | B | B2O3 + 6 NaOH react and changes into 2 Na3BO3 + 3 H2O |
| Silicon | Si | SiO2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2SiO3 + H2O |
| Germanium | Ge | GeO2 + 2 NaOH react and changes into Na2GeO3 + H2O |
Reaction of sodium hydroxide with Non Metals
| Nonmetal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Sodium Hydroxide |
| Carbon | C | No reaction |
| Nitrogen | N | NH3 + NaOH react and changes into NaNH2 + H2O |
| Oxygen | O | No reaction |
| Fluorine | F | No reaction |
| Chlorine | Cl | NaClO + NaOH react and changes into Na2CO3 + H2O |
| Bromine | Br | NaBrO + NaOH react and changes into Na2CO3 + H2O |
| Iodine | I | NaIO3 + NaOH react and changes into Na2CO3 + H2O |