Phonology is:
(a) The study of human sounds
(b) The study of the structure of language without any concern for practical applications which might arise from one’s work.
(c) The study of the sound system of a language or languages
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: The study of the sound system of a language or languages
‘Affricate’ means:
(a) A phonetic segment which consists of a stop followed immediately by a fricative.
(b) Affricates act as phonologically and units synchronically indivisible.
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
What is meant by the term “Amba- dental?
(a) A description of the manner of articulation of the Modem English fricatives /9/ and /o/
(b) It is preferred to inter-dental as the tongue is not usually positioned between the teeth for these sounds
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
Articulatory phonetics’ mean:
(a) One of three standard divisions of phonetics which concerns itself with the production of sounds (compare acoustic and auditive phonetics).
(b) A reference to a sound which is formed at the lips:this encompasses both bilabials like /p, m/ and labio-dentals like /f, v/
(c) One of the three standard divisions of phonetics which is concerned with the perception of sounds.
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: One of three standard divisions of phonetics which concerns itself with the production of sounds (compare acoustic and auditive phonetics).
honetics is:
(a) The study of the sound system of a language or languages.
(b) The study of human sounds.
(c) The study of the structure of language without any concern for practical applications which might arise from one’s work.
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: The study of human sounds.
Alveolar means:
(a) A classification of sounds which are formed at the alveolar ridge (the bone plate behind the upper teeth).
(b) Alveolar sounds are formed with the tip or the blade of the tongue.
(c) Examples are /t,d,s,z,l,n/ in English or German.
(d) All of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: All of A, B, and C
‘Auditory phonetics’ means:
(a) Any sound produced using both lips, e.g. [p] oder [m].
(b) One of the three standard’ divisions of phonetics which is concerned with the perception- of sounds.
(c) The study of human sounds without immediate regard to their systematic status for a certain language
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: One of the three standard’ divisions of phonetics which is concerned with the perception- of sounds.
What is meant by the term ‘Homophone’?
(a) Any set of words pronounced the same way, e.g.
(b) English poor and pour /pͻ :/ (Received Pronunciation) and German Ferse and Verse.
(c) (a) & (b)
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
‘Homorganic’ means:
(a) Any set of sounds which are articulated at the same point in the vocal tract, e.g.
(b) The sounds in the syllable-coda of mind /maind/ both of which are alveolar.
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
Alveolo-palatal’ mean:
(a) A classification of sounds which are formed with the hard palate as passive articulator and the blade of the tongue as active articulator.
(b) Examples are the two English fricatives [∫] and [З].
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
What is meant by the term ‘Bilabial’?
(a) One of the three standard divisions of phonetics which is concerned with the perception of sounds.
(b) Additional meaning which arises due to the associations a word has
(c) .Any sound produced using both lips, e.g. [p] oder [m].
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: Any sound produced using both lips, e.g. [p] oder [m].
‘Fricative’ means:
(a) A type of sound which is characterised by air passing a constriction somewhere between the glottis and the lips,e.g. [x, s, S., f].
(b) Turbulence arises when air flows through a narrow gap and it is this which causes the noise typical of fricatives.
(c) Fricatives can be voiced or voiceless
(d) The equivalent term spirant is sometimes found
(e) All of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: All of A, B, and C
‘Intonation’ means:
(a) That part of the sound system of a language which involves the use of pitch- information. to convey
(b) It consists of both accent (concerns individual words) and sentence melody (concerns word groups).
(c) (a) & (b)
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
‘Manner of articulation’ means:
(a) One of the three conventional parameters (the others are place of articulation and voice) which are used to specific how a sound is produced.
(b) Common types are plosives, fricatives and affricates.
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
What is meant by the term ‘Ease of articulation’?
(a) A putative reason for sound change
(b) It may play a role in allegro speech and possibly effect the sound system over time
(c) But cannot be assumed to be a generally valid principle on the phonological level
(d) All of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: All of A, B, and C
What is meant by the term ‘Oral’?
(a) Articulated in the mouth
(b) The term usually implies that the nasal cavity is not involved, e.g.
(c) In French there are distinct oral and nasal vowels..
(d) All of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: All of A, B, and C
What is meant by the term ‘Nasal’?
(a) A sound, vowel or consonant, which is produced by opening. the nasal cavity (through lowering of the velum).
(b) A group of sounds which behave similarly,
(c) An example would be the group of obstruents (stops and fricatives) as only these are affected by final devoicing in German.
(d) None of A, B, and C
‘Natural class’ means:
(a) A sound, vowel or consonant, which is produced by opening the nasal cavity (through lowering of the velum).
(b) A group of sounds which behave similarly.
(c) An example would be the group of obstruents (stops and fricatives) as only these are affected by final devoicing in German.
(d) b & c
Question’s Answer: b & c
What meant by the term ‘Onomatopoeia’?
(a) The putative imitation of a natural phenomenon (for instance bird song) by phonetic means.
(b) Contrary to the opinion of many speakers, onomatopoeia is not a major principle in historical phonology.
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
“Organs of speech” means:
(a) Parts of the human anatomy which are used in speech production, eg the glottis, velum, palate, alveolar ridge,lips and the tongue of course.
(b) From an evolutionary point of view one can see that these functions are secondary adaptations and specialisations. of organs which have some other primary function.
(c) (a) & (b)
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: (a) & (b)
‘Palatal’ means:
(a) A reference to a phenomenon in the area of phonetics (often as opposed to phonology).
(b) Any human sound which has not been classified in the phonology of a language.
(c) A place of articulation at hard palate in the centre of the roof of the mouth.
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: A place of articulation at hard palate in the centre of the roof of the mouth.
Phonetic’ is:
(a) A reference to a phenomenon in the area of phonetics (often as opposed to phonology).
(b) The study of phonemes in language, their distribution, status and interrelationships.
(c) The study of human sounds without immediate regard to their systematic status for a certain language.
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: A reference to a phenomenon in the area of phonetics (often as opposed to phonology).
Phonology’ is:
(a) The study of the sound system of one or more languages.
(b) Involves the classification of sounds, and a description of the interrelationship of the elements on a systematic level.
(c) (a) & (b)
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: (a) & (b)
Phoneme’ means:
(a) In traditional phonology the smallest unit in language which distinguishes meaning, e.g /k/ and /g/ as seen in coat and goat.
(b) Each phoneme has one or more realisations, called allophones.
(c) (a) & (b)
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: (a) & (b)
Phonemics’ is:
(a) The study of human sounds without immediate regard to their systematic status for a certain language.
(d) None of A, B, and C
(b) A reference to a phenomenon in the area of phonetics (often as opposed to phonology).
(c) The study of phonemes in language, their distribution, status and interrelationships.
Question’s Answer: The study of phonemes in language, their distribution, status and interrelationships.
‘Phone’ means:
(a) A place of articulation at the hard palate in the centre of the roof of the mouth.
(b) A reference to a phenomenon in the area of phonetics (often as opposed to phonology).
(c) Any human sound which has not been classified in the phonology of a language.
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: Any human sound which has not been classified in the phonology of a language.
What is meant by the term /Place of articulation”?
(a) point in the vocal tract at which a sound is produced. This can be anywhere from the lips at the front to the glottis (the gap between the vocal folds) at the back.
(b) The most common place of articulation is the alveolar ridge just behind the upper teeth.
(c) (a) & (b)
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: (a) & (b)
‘Plosive’ means:
(a) A sound which is produced with a complete blockage of the pulmonic airstream.
(b) Also called a stop, examples are /p.tk/
(c) (a) & (b)
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: (a) & (b)
‘Voiced’ means:
(a) A word which serves the purpose of indicating a grammatical category or relationship.
(b) Spoken with simultaneous vibration of the vocal folds.
(c) The smallest unit in a grammar which can contrast with another and which carries meaning.
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: Spoken with simultaneous vibration of the vocal folds.
‘Voiceless’ means:
(a) Spoken without the vocal folds vibrating; the folds can either be open (the normal state)
(b) Closed with the compression of air between them and the supra- glottal stop position producing sounds which are called ejectives.
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
Redundancy’ means:
(a) Superfluous information in language
(b) Multiple marking of grammatical categories is the most common case of redundancy and is often found in German, e.g.
(c) The plural Dörfer which takes both an ending -er and a shift in stem vowel from back to front (umlaut)
(d) All of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: All of A, B, and C
What is meant by the term ‘Pronunciation’?
(a) A collective reference to the manner in which sounds are articulated in a particular language.
(b) Given its concrete nature pronunciation is a matter of phonetics rather than phonology.
(c) (a) & (b)
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: (a) & (b)
‘Rhotic’ means:
(a) A reference to a variety of a language in which a syllable- final /r/ is pronounced
(b) For instance (generally) in American English as opposed to Received Pronunciation. in England.
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
‘Stress’ means:
(a) The acoustic prominence of a syllable in a word.
(b) The physical correlates of stress can vary.
(c) Typically it involves the raising of the basic frequency and/or of volume matched by a prolongation of the syllable involved.
(d) All of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: All of A, B, and C
What is meant by the term ‘Syntagmatic”?
(a) A system of representing sounds in writing unambiguously
(b) A reference to the linear (or temporal) sequence of elements which contrasts directly with the vertical axis the paradigmatic axis.
(c) A term which refers to the inflections of nouns, pronouns, adjectives, i.e. of nouns and the elements which can qualify them.
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: A reference to the linear (or temporal) sequence of elements which contrasts directly
with the vertical axis the paradigmatic axis.
‘Stop’ means:
(a) A consonant which is formed by blocking off the airstream completely, e.g. /p, t, k/.
(b) It contrasts directly with a fricative which does not involve an interruption of the airstream.
(c) a & b
(d) None of A, B, and C
Question’s Answer: a & b
Fricatives are_____ where as plosives aren’t_______.
(a) Sounds
(b) Continuants
(c) Consonant
(d) Vowel
Question’s Answer: Continuants
When fricatives are produced air escapes through a narrow passage & makes a____ sound:
(a) Vistle
(b) N.O.T
(c) Musical
(d) Hissing
Question’s Answer: Hissing
Which is an affricate?
(a) /b/
(b) /m/
(c) N.O.T
(d) /tf/
Question’s Answer: /tf/
Affricates are begin as_____and end as______
(a) Plosive, Fricatives
(b) Forti, Nasal
(c) Nasal, Fortis
(d) Fricative, Plosive
Question’s Answer: Plosive, Fricatives
Plosives are also called______.
(a) Fricatives
(b) Stops
(c) Dental
(d) Nasal
Question’s Answer: Stops
of word Church composed of phonemes:
(a) 5
(b) 3
(c) 8
(d) 2
Question’s Answer: 3
Homorganics are______.
(a) Sound with same length
(b) Vowel sounds
(c) Sounds that produced with same organ
(d) A.O.T.
Question’s Answer: Sounds that produced with same organ
Sounds like ‘sh’ & /3/ produced with______.
(a) Alveolar ridge
(b) Front teeth
(c) Both lips
(d) N.O.T.
Question’s Answer: Alveolar ridge
We only count_______&________as Affricate phonemes:
(a) /dr/, fv/
(b) /ts/ ,/j/
(c) tf, dz/
(d) N.O.T
Question’s Answer: /ts/ ,/j/
________fricatives are articulated with more force than that of______
(a) Lenis, fortis
(b) Fortis, Lenis
(c) Lenis, voived
(d) Fortis, Voiceless
Question’s Answer: Fortis, Lenis
Fortis sound are usually articulated with_____glottis?
(a) Open & closed
(b) Open
(c) Open and closed
(d) N.O.T.
Question’s Answer: Open
The word ‘nature’ can phonetically transcribed with glo’talisation as______
(a) A.O.T.
(b) naetf/
(c) /neltfa?
(d) /nel?tfa/
Question’s Answer: /nel?tfa/
In English, replacing one phoneme with another causes______
(a) No change
(b) Only pronunciation change
(c) N.O.T
(d) Pronunciation & meaning change
Question’s Answer: Pronunciation & meaning change
Lenis fricatives have voicing in initial & final when they occur between_____sounds:
(a) Voiceless
(b) Voiced
(c) B.O.T
(d) N.O.T
Question’s Answer: Voiced
When we produce /tf/ & /dz/ affricates our lips are:
(a) Closed
(b) Rounded
(c) Come together
(d) A.O.T.
Question’s Answer: Rounded
The number of nasal consonants in English_____.
(a) Three
(b) Seven
(c) Nine
(d) Eleven
Question’s Answer: Seven
When Nasal sounds produced_______is completely closed:
(a) Oral cavity
(b) Nasal cavity
(c) Glottis
(d) A.O.T.
Question’s Answer: Oral cavity
The plosive,Fricatives and Affricatices combinely give us how many consonants?
(a) Ten
(b) Seventeen
(c) Nineteen
(d) Fifteen
Question’s Answer: Seventeen
_____is_____produced when Liquids are made:
(a) Friction, largely
(b) Friction, hardly
(c) Friction, Not
(d)Not, Friction
Question’s Answer: Friction, Not
Stops are also called_____
(a) Nasal
(b) Plosive
(c) Fricative
(d) (a) & (b)
Question’s Answer: Plosive
During the production of______sounds, the airstream escaping around on the sides of tongue:
(a) Nasal
(b) Lateral
(c) Affricates
(d) Fricatives
Question’s Answer: Lateral
The word that contain many syllables are said to be a______
(a) Mono-syllable
(b) Tri-syllable
(c) Di-syllable
(d) Poly-syllable
Question’s Answer: Poly-syllable
How sounds are produced’ is comes under umbrella of______.
(a) Place of articulation
(b) B.O.T.
(c) Manner of articulation
(d) N.O.T.
Question’s Answer: Manner of articulation
Semi-vowels are also called______
(a) Approximant
(b) Consonants
(c) Semi-consonants
(d) Vowels
Question’s Answer: Approximant
_____is considered as phonological building blocks of words:
(a) Syllable
(b) Morpheme
(c) Phoneme
(d) A.O.T.
Question’s Answer: Syllable
Fortis production needs_____force than that of lenis:
(a) Some
(b) Less
(c) More
(d) N.O.T
Question’s Answer: More
______sounds are produced when tongue is curled back:
(a) Lateral
(b) Retroflex
(c) Nasal
(d) Stops
Question’s Answer: Retroflex
The study of the possible phoneme combinations of a language is called_____
(a) Phoneme
(b) Phone
(c) Phonotactics
(d) Morpheme
Question’s Answer: Phonotactics
If the first syllable of the word is question begins with a vowel, the initial symbol has a_____onset:
(a) Pre-initial
(b) N.O.T
(c) Post-initial
(d) Zero
Question’s Answer: Zero
No word begins with more than_______consonants:
(a) Three
(b) Two
(c) Four
(d) Six
Question’s Answer: Three
No current word ends with more than______consonants:
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Six
(d) Four
Question’s Answer: Four
Dark & clear L are the______ of phoneme L. in complementary distribution:
(a) Phones
(b) Phonemes
(c) Allophone
(d) Allomorph
Question’s Answer: Allophone
When we have two or more consonants we called them
(a) Consonant cluster
(b) Consonant plus cluster
(c) Cluster
(d) Vowel plus
Question’s Answer: Consonant cluster
________sounds are produced with both lips:
(a) Labio-dental
(b) Palato-alveolar
(c) Alveolar
(d) Bilabial
Question’s Answer: Bilabial
Space between vocal cords known as_______
(a) Glottis
(b) Nasal cavity
(c) Vocal space
(d) N.O.T
Question’s Answer: Glottis
Which pair is dental sounds?
(a) Th, D
(b) M, V
(c) P, B.
(d) A.O.T
Question’s Answer: Th, D
From /f/ and /v/ ___________ is a voiced labio-dental:
(a) /f/
(b) v
(c) a & b
(d) N.O.T
_____ place of articulation has only one consonant sound:
(a) Dental
(b) Palatal
(c) Post-alveolar
(d) Alveolar
Question’s Answer: Palatal
Pharynx is divided into_____Parts;
(a) 5
(b) 2
(c) 6
(d) 9
Question’s Answer: 2
There are______short vowels in English:
(a) 9
(b) 8
(c) 6
(d) 5
Question’s Answer: 6
How long vowels are recognised?
(a) By dicritic
(b) N.O.T
(c) B.O.T
(d) By length mark
Question’s Answer: By length mark
Diphthongs are produced by the combination of______sounds:
(a) One vowel
(b) Two vowel
(c) Many vowel
(d) Three vowel
Question’s Answer: Two vowel
______short vowel is called cup sound: 122
(a) /ae/
(b) N/
(c) Yel
(d) /^/
Question’s Answer: /^/
Which short vowel is used in word ‘man’?
(a) N
(b) /a/
(c) /ac/
(d) /c/
Question’s Answer: /a/
The number of long vowels is English is_____.
(a) 6
(b) 5
(c) 8
(d) 9
Question’s Answer: 5
Auditory phonetics is the study of
(a) Production of sound
(b) Assimilation
(c) How sounds are heard
(d) N.O.T
Question’s Answer: How sounds are heard
Exception of. Articulatory and Auditory Phonetics is the 3rd type of phonetics:
(a) Morphology
(b) A.O.T.
(c) Production
(d) Accoustic
Question’s Answer: Accoustic
The study of sound patterns comes under umbrella of______
(a) N.O.T
(b) Semantics
(c) Morphology
(d) Phonetics
Question’s Answer: N.O.T
Triphthongs are composed of_____
(a) Three vowel
(b) Two vowel
(c) Five vowel
(d) N.O.T
Question’s Answer: Three vowel
The word ‘player’ contains of____syllable:
(a) 1
(b) 4
(c) 3
(d) 2
Question’s Answer: 2
In the word ‘beard’ which diphthong is used?
(a) /ca/
(b) /la/
(c) /ua/
(d) /ei/
Question’s Answer: /la/
During the production of /1/ our lips are______
(a) Rounded
(b) A.O.T.
(c) Neural
(d) Spread
Question’s Answer: Spread