By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: June 2, 2025
Summary:
Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot by Alexander Pope is a satirical and autobiographical poem written in the form of a verse letter to his friend, Dr. John Arbuthnot. The poem serves as both a defense of Pope’s literary career and a scathing critique of his enemies, including contemporary poets and critics. It reflects on his struggles as a writer, the attacks he faced from jealous rivals, and his commitment to honesty and poetic integrity. One of the most famous sections includes the attack on Lord Hervey, whom Pope mockingly calls “Sporus.” The poem, written in heroic couplets, is a mix of wit, self-reflection, and sharp satire, solidifying Pope’s reputation as one of the greatest satirists in English literature.
Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot
Question
Answer
Poem Name
Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot
Poet
Alexander Pope
Year Published
1735
Poem Type
Satirical verse epistle
Rhyme Scheme
Heroic couplets (AABB)
Main Themes
Satire, literary criticism, personal defense, poetic integrity
Famous Lines
“Who breaks a butterfly upon a wheel?”
Target of Satire
Lord Hervey (“Sporus”), bad poets, literary critics
Influence
One of Pope’s most famous satirical works, reflecting 18th-century literary culture
Key Message
Defending true poetry against corruption and false criticism
