Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates (Islamic Study) MCQs
Who established the Abbasid Caliphate?
a) Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan
b) Abu Bakr
c) Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah
d) Ali ibn Abi Talib Answer: c) Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah
Which city served as the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate?
a) Baghdad
b) Medina
c) Damascus
d) Mecca Answer: c) Damascus
Which caliphate is known for its advancements in science, philosophy, and literature?
a) Abbasid Caliphate
b) Rashidun Caliphate
c) Umayyad Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: a) Abbasid Caliphate
Who was the first Abbasid Caliph?
a) Harun al-Rashid
b) Al-Ma’mun
c) Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah
d) Al-Mu’tasim Answer: c) Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah
Under which caliphate did the Islamic Golden Age flourish?
a) Umayyad Caliphate
b) Rashidun Caliphate
c) Abbasid Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: c) Abbasid Caliphate
Which caliphate faced challenges from regional governors who asserted their autonomy?
a) Umayyad Caliphate
b) Abbasid Caliphate
c) Rashidun Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: b) Abbasid Caliphate
Who established the Umayyad Caliphate?
a) Abu Bakr
b) Umar ibn al-Khattab
c) Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan
d) Ali ibn Abi Talib Answer: c) Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan
Which caliphate expanded into parts of Spain, North Africa, and Central Asia?
a) Rashidun Caliphate
b) Fatimid Caliphate
c) Umayyad Caliphate
d) Abbasid Caliphate Answer: c) Umayyad Caliphate
Which caliphate saw the sacking of Baghdad by the Mongols in 1258?
a) Abbasid Caliphate
b) Rashidun Caliphate
c) Fatimid Caliphate
d) Umayyad Caliphate Answer: a) Abbasid Caliphate
Who was the famous Abbasid Caliph known for his patronage of learning and the establishment of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad?
a) Abu Bakr
b) Al-Ma’mun
c) Umar ibn al-Khattab
d) Ali ibn Abi Talib Answer: b) Al-Ma’mun
Which caliphate was established after the assassination of Uthman ibn Affan?
a) Rashidun Caliphate
b) Umayyad Caliphate
c) Abbasid Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: a) Rashidun Caliphate
Who was the founder of the Umayyad dynasty?
a) Abu Bakr
b) Uthman ibn Affan
c) Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan
d) Umar ibn al-Khattab Answer: c) Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan
Which caliphate was known for its naval prowess and trade dominance in the Mediterranean?
a) Abbasid Caliphate
b) Rashidun Caliphate
c) Fatimid Caliphate
d) Umayyad Caliphate Answer: d) Fatimid Caliphate
Who was the last caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate?
a) Abu Bakr
b) Umar ibn al-Khattab
c) Uthman ibn Affan
d) Ali ibn Abi Talib Answer: d) Ali ibn Abi Talib
Which caliphate was founded by Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi Billah?
a) Abbasid Caliphate
b) Umayyad Caliphate
c) Rashidun Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: d) Fatimid Caliphate
Under which caliphate did the city of Cairo become a center of learning and culture?
a) Rashidun Caliphate
b) Umayyad Caliphate
c) Fatimid Caliphate
d) Abbasid Caliphate Answer: c) Fatimid Caliphate
Who was the first caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate?
a) Abu Bakr
b) Umar ibn al-Khattab
c) Uthman ibn Affan
d) Ali ibn Abi Talib Answer: a) Abu Bakr
Which caliphate was known for its development of Arabic literature and poetry?
a) Umayyad Caliphate
b) Rashidun Caliphate
c) Fatimid Caliphate
d) Abbasid Caliphate Answer: d) Abbasid Caliphate
Who was the last caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate?
a) Muawiya II
b) Yazid III
c) Marwan II
d) Abdul-Malik ibn Marwan Answer: c) Marwan II
Which caliphate saw the establishment of the city of Kufa as a military garrison?
a) Umayyad Caliphate
b) Abbasid Caliphate
c) Fatimid Caliphate
d) Rashidun Caliphate Answer: d) Rashidun Caliphate
Who was the first Abbasid caliph to move the capital from Damascus to Baghdad?
a) Al-Mansur
b) Al-Mahdi
c) Harun al-Rashid
d) Al-Mu’tasim Answer: a) Al-Mansur
Which caliphate was founded by Hasan ibn Ali, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)?
a) Umayyad Caliphate
b) Abbasid Caliphate
c) Fatimid Caliphate
d) Rashidun Caliphate Answer: c) Fatimid Caliphate
Who was the famous Abbasid caliph known for his patronage of arts and sciences?
a) Al-Ma’mun
b) Al-Mansur
c) Al-Mahdi
d) Harun al-Rashid Answer: d) Harun al-Rashid
Which caliphate witnessed the establishment of the city of Medina as the capital?
a) Rashidun Caliphate
b) Umayyad Caliphate
c) Abbasid Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: a) Rashidun Caliphate
Who was the first caliph of the Umayyad dynasty?
a) Uthman ibn Affan
b) Abu Bakr
c) Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan
d) Yazid I Answer: c) Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan
Which caliphate saw the emergence of the Sunni and Shia divide?
a) Umayyad Caliphate
b) Rashidun Caliphate
c) Abbasid Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: a) Umayyad Caliphate
Who was the founder of the Abbasid dynasty?
a) Al-Mansur
b) Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah
c) Al-Ma’mun
d) Harun al-Rashid Answer: b) Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah
Which caliphate saw the establishment of the city of Medina as the capital?
a) Umayyad Caliphate
b) Rashidun Caliphate
c) Abbasid Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: b) Rashidun Caliphate
Who was the famous Abbasid caliph known for his translation movement and preservation of Greek and Roman texts?
a) Al-Mansur
b) Al-Ma’mun
c) Harun al-Rashid
d) Al-Mahdi Answer: b) Al-Ma’mun
Which caliphate witnessed the Battle of Tours, where the Muslims were defeated by the Frankish forces?
a) Umayyad Caliphate
b) Abbasid Caliphate
c) Rashidun Caliphate
d) Fatimid Caliphate Answer: a) Umayyad Caliphate