Chemical formula of calcium oxide is CaO.
Physical Properties of Calcium Oxide (CaO):
| Properties | Details |
| Appearance | White, crystalline solid |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes at high temperatures (above 2,572°C or 4,662°F) |
| Crystal Structure | Cubic |
| Density | 3.34 g/cm³ |
| Electrical Conductivity | Insulator (non-conductive) |
| Melting Point | 2,572°C (4,662°F) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 40.0 J/(mol·K) |
| State of Matter | Solid |
| Thermal Conductivity | Low |
Chemical Properties of Calcium Oxide (CaO):
| Properties | Details |
| Acid-Base Properties | Strong base; reacts with acids to form calcium salts |
| Chemical Formula | CaO |
| Chemical Reaction with Water | Reacts vigorously with water to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) |
| Hygroscopicity | Absorbs moisture from the air, forming calcium hydroxide and becoming slaked |
| Oxidation State | Calcium exhibits an oxidation state of +2 in calcium oxide |
| Reactivity | Highly reactive; reacts exothermically with acids and can cause burns |
| Reactivity with CO₂ | Reacts with carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the air to form calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) |
Reaction Of Calcium Oxide with Alkali Metal
| Alkali Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Calcium Oxide |
| Lithium | Li | CaO + 2Li → Li2O + Ca |
| Sodium | Na | CaO + 2Na → Na2O + Ca |
| Potassium | K | CaO + 2K → K2O + Ca |
| Rubidium | Rb | CaO + 2Rb → Rb2O + Ca |
| Cesium | Cs | CaO + 2Cs → Cs2O + Ca |
Reaction Of Calcium Oxide with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Calcium Oxide |
| Beryllium | Be | No reaction |
| Magnesium | Mg | CaO + Mg → MgO + Ca |
| Calcium | Ca | No reaction |
| Strontium | Sr | CaO + Sr → SrO + Ca |
| Barium | Ba | CaO + Ba → BaO + Ca |
| Radium | Ra | CaO + Ra → RaO + Ca |
Reaction Of Calcium Oxide with Transition Metal
| Transition Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Calcium Oxide |
| Scandium | Sc | No reaction |
| Titanium | Ti | CaO + Ti → TiO2 + Ca |
| Vanadium | V | CaO + V → V2O5 + Ca |
| Chromium | Cr | CaO + Cr → Cr2O3 + Ca |
| Manganese | Mn | CaO + Mn → MnO + Ca |
| Iron | Fe | CaO + Fe → FeO + Ca |
| Cobalt | Co | No reaction |
| Nickel | Ni | CaO + Ni → NiO + Ca |
| Copper | Cu | CaO + 2Cu → 2CuO + Ca |
| Zinc | Zn | CaO + Zn → ZnO + Ca |
| Silver | Ag | CaO + 2Ag → Ag2O + Ca |
| Gold | Au | No reaction |
| Mercury | Hg | CaO + Hg → HgO + Ca |
Reaction Of Calcium Oxide with Non-Transition Metal
| Non-Transition Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Calcium Oxide |
| Hydrogen | H | CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 |
| Helium | He | No reaction |
| Carbon | C | CaO + C → CaC2 + CO |
| Nitrogen | N | No reaction |
| Oxygen | O | 2CaO + O2 → 2CaO2 |
| Fluorine | F | CaO + 2F2 → CaF2 + O2 |
| Neon | Ne | No reaction |
| Chlorine | Cl | CaO + 2Cl2 → CaCl2 + CO2 |
| Argon | Ar | No reaction |
| Bromine | Br | CaO + 2Br2 → CaBr2 + CO2 |
| Iodine | I | CaO + 2I2 → CaI2 + CO2 |
| Xenon | Xe | No reaction |
Reaction Of Calcium Oxide with Non-Metal
| Non-Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Calcium Oxide |
| Hydrogen | H | CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 |
| Helium | He | No reaction |
| Carbon | C | CaO + C → CaC2 + CO |
| Nitrogen | N | CaO + 2N → Ca3N2 |
| Oxygen | O | 2CaO + O2 → 2CaO2 |
| Fluorine | F | CaO + 2F2 → CaF2 + O2 |
| Neon | Ne | No reaction |
| Chlorine | Cl | CaO + 2Cl2 → CaCl2 + CO2 |
| Argon | Ar | No reaction |
| Bromine | Br | CaO + 2Br2 → CaBr2 + CO2 |
| Iodine | I | CaO + 2I2 → CaI2 + CO2 |
| Xenon | Xe | No reaction |
| Phosphorus | P | CaO + P4 → Ca3P2 + 2Ca |
| Sulfur | S | CaO + S → CaS + CO2 |
| Selenium | Se | CaO + Se → CaSe + CO2 |
| Bromine | Br | CaO + 2Br2 → CaBr2 + CO2 |
| Iodine | I | CaO + 2I2 → CaI2 + CO2 |
Reaction Of Calcium Oxide with Metalloid
| Metalloid | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Calcium Oxide |
| Boron | B | CaO + B2O3 → CaB4O7 |
| Silicon | Si | CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 |
| Germanium | Ge | CaO + GeO2 → CaGeO3 |
| Arsenic | As | CaO + As2O3 → Ca3(AsO4)2 |
| Antimony | Sb | CaO + Sb2O3 → Ca3Sb2O7 |
| Tellurium | Te | CaO + TeO2 → CaTeO3 |
| Polonium | Po | CaO + PoO2 → CaPoO2 |
| Boron | B | CaO + 2B → CaB2 + O2 |
| Silicon | Si | 2CaO + Si → Ca2SiO4 |
| Germanium | Ge | 2CaO + Ge → Ca2GeO4 |
| Arsenic | As | 2CaO + As → Ca3As2O8 |
| Antimony | Sb | 2CaO + Sb → Ca3Sb2O8 |
| Tellurium | Te | 2CaO + Te → CaTeO3 + Ca |
| Polonium | Po | No reaction |
Reaction Of Calcium Oxide with lanthanides
| Element | Reaction with Calcium Oxide |
| Cerium | CeO2 + CaO → CaCeO3 |
| Europium | Eu2O3 + 3CaO → 2EuCaO3 |
| Lutetium | Lu2O3 + 3CaO → 2LuCaO3 |
| Gadolinium | Gd2O3 + 3CaO → 2GdCaO3 |
| Lanthanum | La2O3 + 3CaO → 2LaCaO3 |
Reaction Of Calcium Oxide with actinides
| Element | Reaction with Calcium Oxide |
| Uranium | U3O8 + 6CaO → 3UO2·2CaO + 2Ca3UO6 |
| Plutonium | PuO2 + 2CaO → PuCa2O4 |
| Americium | AmO2 + 2CaO → AmCa2O4 |
| Thorium | ThO2 + 2CaO → Ca2ThO4 |
| Curium | Cm2O3 + 3CaO → 2CmCaO3 |
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