Calcium chloride [Chemical formula, Physical, Chemical Properties and Reactions]

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: February 3, 2024

The chemical formula for calcium chloride is CaCl2.

Physical Properties of Calcium Chloride:

Properties Details
AppearanceWhite, crystalline powder or flakes
Boiling Point1,935 °C (3,515 °F)
ConductivityConducts electricity when dissolved in water
Density2.15 g/cm³
HygroscopicityHygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air)
Melting Point772 °C (1,422 °F)
OdorOdorless
Solubility in WaterHighly soluble, forms a clear, colorless solution
State of MatterSolid at room temperature

Chemical Properties of Calcium Chloride:

Properties Details
Chemical FormulaCaCl₂
CorrosivenessCorrosive to some metals, such as aluminum
DehydrationCan act as a desiccant by removing water from substances
DeliquescenceAbsorbs water from the air and forms a solution
Exothermic Heat GenerationGenerates heat when mixed with water
Freezing Point DepressionLowers the freezing point of water when used as a de-icer
IonizationDissociates into calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻)
Reaction with WaterExothermic reaction, dissolves readily in water
ReactivityReactive with certain metals and organic compounds

Reaction of calcium chloride with Alkaline Earth Metal

Alkaline Earth MetalReaction with Calcium ChlorideReaction equation
Beryllium (Be)  no product
Magnesium (Mg)Formation of magnesium chlorideCaCl2 + Mg   react and convert into  MgCl2 + Ca
Calcium (Ca)  no product
Strontium (Sr)Formation of strontium chlorideCaCl2+ Sr   react and convert into  SrCl2 + Ca
Barium (Ba)Formation of barium chlorideCaCl2+ Ba   react and convert into  BaCl2 + Ca
Radium (Ra)Formation of radium chloride (radioactive product)CaCl2+ Ra   react and convert into  RaCl2 + Ca

Reaction of calcium chloride with Non-Transition Metal

Non-Transition MetalReaction with Calcium ChlorideReaction equation
Hydrogen (H)Formation of hydrogen chloride gasCaCl2+ 2HCl   react and convert into  CaCl2 + H2(g)
Boron (B)  no product
Carbon (C)Formation of calcium carbide and carbon dioxide gasCaCl2+ 2C   react and convert into  CaC2 + 2Cl2(g) + CO2(g)
Nitrogen (N)  no product
Oxygen (O)Formation of calcium oxide and chlorine gasCaCl2+ O2   react and convert into  2CaO + 2Cl2(g)
Fluorine (F)Formation of calcium fluorideCaCl2+ 2HF   react and convert into  CaF2 + 2HCl
Neon (Ne)  no product

Reaction of calcium chloride with Non-Metal

Non-MetalReaction with Calcium ChlorideReaction equation
Hydrogen (H)Formation of hydrogen chloride gasCaCl2+ 2HCl   react and convert into  CaCl2 + H2(g)
Carbon (C)Formation of calcium carbide and carbon dioxide gasCaCl2+ 2C   react and convert into  CaC2 + 2Cl2(g) + CO2(g)
Nitrogen (N)  no product
Oxygen (O)Formation of calcium oxide and chlorine gasCaCl2+ O2   react and convert into  2CaO + 2Cl2(g)
Fluorine (F)Formation of calcium fluorideCaCl2+ 2HF   react and convert into  CaF2 + 2HCl
Chlorine (Cl)  no product  (both are already chloride compounds)
Bromine (Br)Formation of calcium bromideCaCl2+ 2HBr   react and convert into  CaBr2 + 2HCl
Iodine (I)Formation of calcium iodideCaCl2 + 2KI   react and convert into  CaI2 + 2KCl
Sulfur (S)Formation of calcium sulfide and hydrogen chlorideCaCl2+ H2S   react and convert into  CaS + 2HCl
Phosphorus (P)Formation of calcium phosphate3 CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4   react and convert into  Ca3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl
Selenium (Se)Formation of calcium selenide and hydrogen chlorideCaCl2+ H2Se   react and convert into  CaSe + 2HCl
Tellurium (Te)Formation of calcium telluride and hydrogen chlorideCaCl2+ H2Te   react and convert into  CaTe + 2HCl

Reaction of calcium chloride with Metalloid

MetalloidReaction with Calcium ChlorideReaction equation
Boron (B)  no product
Silicon (Si)Formation of calcium silicide and hydrogen chloride gasCaCl2+ Si   react and convert into  CaSi + 2Cl2(g) + H2(g)
Germanium (Ge)Formation of calcium germanide and hydrogen chloride gasCaCl2+ Ge   react and convert into  CaGe + 2Cl2(g) + H2(g)
Arsenic (As)Formation of calcium arsenide and hydrogen chloride gasCaCl2+ As   react and convert into  CaAs + 2Cl2(g) + H2(g)
Antimony (Sb)Formation of calcium antimonide and hydrogen chloride gasCaCl2+ Sb   react and convert into  CaSb + 2Cl2(g) + H2(g)
Tellurium (Te)Formation of calcium telluride and hydrogen chloride gasCaCl2+ H2Te   react and convert into  CaTe + 2HCl

Reaction of calcium chloride with Lanthanide

LanthanideReaction with Calcium ChlorideReaction equation
Cerium (Ce)Formation of cerium(III) chlorideCeCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2CeCl3
Praseodymium (Pr)Formation of praseodymium(III) chloridePrCl3 +3 CaCl2  react and convert into  3CaCl2PrCl3
Neodymium (Nd)Formation of neodymium(III) chlorideNdCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2NdCl3
Samarium (Sm)Formation of samarium(III) chlorideSmCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2SmCl3
Europium (Eu)Formation of europium(III) chlorideEuCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2EuCl3
Gadolinium (Gd)Formation of gadolinium(III) chlorideGdCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2GdCl3
Terbium (Tb)Formation of terbium(III) chlorideTb Cl3+ 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2TbCl3
Dysprosium (Dy)Formation of dysprosium(III) chlorideDyCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2DyCl3
Holmium (Ho)Formation of holmium(III) chlorideHo Cl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2HoCl3
Erbium (Er)Formation of erbium(III) chlorideErCl3 + 3 CaCl2  react and convert into  3CaCl2ErCl3
Thulium (Tm)Formation of thulium(III) chlorideTmCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2TmCl3
Ytterbium (Yb)Formation of ytterbium(III) chlorideYbCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2YbCl3
Lutetium (Lu)Formation of lutetium(III) chlorideLu Cl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2LuCl3

 

Reaction of calcium chloride with Actinide

 

ActinideReaction with Calcium ChlorideReaction equation
Thorium (Th)Formation of thorium(IV) chlorideThCl4 + 2 CaCl2  react and convert into  2CaCl2ThCl4
Protactinium (Pa)Formation of protactinium(V) chloridePaCl5 + 5 CaCl2   react and convert into  5CaCl2PaCl5
Uranium (U)Formation of uranium(IV) chlorideUCl4 + 2 CaCl2   react and convert into  2CaCl2UCl4
Formation of uranium(V) chlorideUCl5 + 5 CaCl2   react and convert into  5CaCl2UCl5
Formation of uranium(VI) chlorideUCl6 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2UCl6
Neptunium (Np)Formation of neptunium(IV) chlorideNpCl4 + 2 CaCl2   react and convert into  2CaCl2NpCl4
Formation of neptunium(V) chlorideNpCl5 + 5 CaCl2   react and convert into  5CaCl2NpCl5
Plutonium (Pu)Formation of plutonium(III) chloridePuCl3 + 3 CaCl2  react and convert into  3 CaCl2MdCl3
Formation of plutonium(IV) chloridePuCl4 + 2 CaCl2   react and convert into  2CaCl2PuCl4
Formation of plutonium(V) chloridePuCl5 + 5 CaCl2   react and convert into  5CaCl2PuCl5
Americium (Am)Formation of americium(III) chlorideAmCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3 CaCl2MdCl3
Curium (Cm)Formation of curium(III) chlorideCmCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3 CaCl2MdCl3
Californium (Cf)Formation of californium(III) chlorideCfCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3 CaCl2MdCl3
Formation of californium(IV) chlorideCfCl4 + 2 CaCl2   react and convert into  2CaCl2CfCl4
Formation of californium(VI) chlorideCfCl6 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3CaCl2CfCl6
Einsteinium (Es)Formation of einsteinium(III) chlorideEsCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3 CaCl2MdCl3
Fermium (Fm)Formation of fermium(III) chlorideFmCl3 + 3 CaCl2   react and convert into  3 CaCl2MdCl3
Mendelevium (Md)Formation of mendelevium(III) chlorideMdCl3 + 3 CaCl2  react and convert into  3CaCl2MdCl3

 

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