Basics of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: June 10, 2025

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1. : Which of the following best describes a Geographic Information System (GIS)?



2. : What does GIS stand for?



3. : Which component of GIS is responsible for storing and managing spatial data?



4. : What type of data is typically used in GIS for representing physical features on the earth’s surface?



5. : Which of the following is a vector data model in GIS?



6. : In GIS, what does a “layer” refer to?



7. : Which GIS function is used to combine multiple layers of spatial data to produce a new layer?



8. : What does the term “georeferencing” mean in GIS?



9. : Which of the following is an example of raster data in GIS?



10. : In GIS, what is a “shapefile”?



11. : Which coordinate system uses latitude and longitude?



12. : What does “metadata” refer to in the context of GIS?



13. : What is a “buffer” in GIS?



14. : Which tool in GIS is used to perform spatial queries?



15. : What is the purpose of the “clipping” operation in GIS?



16. : Which GIS operation involves changing the scale of a map or data?



17. : In GIS, what does “overlay” refer to?



18. : Which GIS data format is commonly used for exchanging spatial data?



19. : What is a “geodatabase” in GIS?



20. : Which of the following is a common GIS analysis technique?



21. : What does the term “spatial resolution” refer to in GIS?



22. : What is a “coordinate system” used for in GIS?



23. : What is the primary difference between vector and raster data in GIS?



24. : Which of the following tools is used for digitizing in GIS?



25. : What does “reprojection” mean in GIS?



26. : Which type of GIS data model would be most appropriate for representing land use categories?



27. : What is the purpose of a “spatial query” in GIS?



28. : What is the role of “attribute data” in GIS?



29. : What is a “TIN” in GIS?



30. : What does the term “geocoding” refer to in GIS?



31. : Which GIS analysis technique is used to determine the area of overlap between two spatial layers?



32. : What is a “choropleth map”?



33. : What does “resampling” do in GIS?



34. : What is a “digitized” map?



35. : Which GIS data format is commonly used for storing detailed topographic information?



36. : What is “cartographic design” in GIS?



37. : What does the term “vectorization” refer to in GIS?



38. : Which of the following is a common use of GIS in urban planning?



39. : What is a “spatial join” in GIS?



40. : Which GIS operation would you use to find the distance between two features?



41. : What does “scale” refer to in a GIS map?



42. : What is “spatial analysis” in GIS?



43. : Which GIS function would you use to visualize changes over time?



44. : What is “proximity analysis” used for in GIS?



45. : What does “dissolve” do in GIS?



46. : Which GIS operation would you use to change the coordinate system of a dataset?



47. : What is “geostatistics” in GIS?



48. : What is a “heatmap” in GIS?



49. : What does “overlay analysis” allow you to do in GIS?



50. : What is “querying” in GIS?



51. : Which GIS operation is used to analyze the surface characteristics of a terrain?



52. : What is a “digital elevation model” (DEM) used for in GIS?



53. : What does “map projection” involve in GIS?



54. : What is the primary purpose of a “legend” on a GIS map?



55. : What is the “extent” of a map in GIS?



56. : What does “map algebra” refer to in GIS?



57. : Which GIS tool is commonly used to measure distances and areas on a map?



58. : What is a “feature class” in a GIS geodatabase?



59. : What does “spatial data” refer to in GIS?



60. : What is “temporal data” in GIS?



61. : What does “terrain analysis” involve in GIS?



62. : What is a “spatial feature” in GIS?



 

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