Marine Biology MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: September 12, 2024

1. What is the primary focus of marine biology?
A) Study of terrestrial plants
B) Study of marine organisms and their ecosystems
C) Study of freshwater systems
D) Study of meteorological phenomena
Answer: B) Study of marine organisms and their ecosystems

2. Which of the following is a characteristic of plankton?
A) They are primarily benthic organisms
B) They are large and can be easily seen with the naked eye
C) They drift with ocean currents and cannot swim actively
D) They are stationary and fixed to the ocean floor
Answer: C) They drift with ocean currents and cannot swim actively

3. What is the primary role of phytoplankton in marine ecosystems?
A) Decomposition of organic matter
B) Primary production through photosynthesis
C) Providing shelter for marine organisms
D) Filtering pollutants from water
Answer: B) Primary production through photosynthesis

4. Coral reefs are primarily composed of:
A) Algae
B) Coral polyps
C) Fish
D) Seaweed
Answer: B) Coral polyps

5. Which of the following is a major threat to coral reefs?
A) Ocean acidification
B) Increased water temperature
C) Overfishing
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

6. The “benthic zone” in marine environments refers to:
A) The surface layer of the ocean
B) The open water column
C) The ocean floor and its associated habitats
D) The area near the shore
Answer: C) The ocean floor and its associated habitats

7. Which type of marine organism is known for its ability to produce bioluminescence?
A) Sea anemones
B) Jellyfish
C) Sharks
D) Sea turtles
Answer: B) Jellyfish

8. The term “thermocline” refers to:
A) The layer of the ocean where temperature changes rapidly with depth
B) The layer of the ocean where salinity changes with depth
C) The region where marine organisms live
D) The boundary between the ocean and the atmosphere
Answer: A) The layer of the ocean where temperature changes rapidly with depth

9. Which of the following is a major component of the ocean’s nutrient cycle?
A) Nitrogen
B) Carbon
C) Phosphorus
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

10. The “pelagic zone” is characterized by:
A) The deepest parts of the ocean
B) The open ocean away from the coast
C) The intertidal zone
D) The coastal and estuarine areas
Answer: B) The open ocean away from the coast

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