Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) MCQs

What is Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)? A) A condition where the hip joint is improperly formed B) A type of hip fracture C) An infection of the hip joint D) A degenerative disease of the hip Answer: A) A condition where the hip joint is improperly formed Which age group is primarily affected by DDH? A) Newborns to 6 months B) Children aged 1-3 years C) Adolescents D) Adults Answer: A) Newborns to 6 months What is a common physical examination finding in DDH? A) Limping gait B) Asymmetrical leg lengths C) Clicking sound during hip movement D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above What diagnostic tool is most commonly used to assess DDH? A) MRI B) X-ray C) Ultrasound D) CT scan Answer: C) Ultrasound Which position is typically used to assess the hip for DDH in infants? A) Supine B) Prone C) Sitting D) Standing Answer: A) Supine What is the typical treatment for infants diagnosed with DDH? A) Surgery B) Physical therapy C) Pavlik harness D) Bed rest Answer: C) Pavlik harness What is the main purpose of the Pavlik harness in DDH treatment? A) To strengthen the hip muscles B) To keep the hip in the proper position C) To immobilize the hip D) To reduce pain Answer: B) To keep the hip in the proper position What is a risk factor for developing DDH? A) Being a firstborn child B) Female gender C) Family history of hip problems D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above Which test is commonly used for screening DDH in newborns? A) Ortolani test B) Barlow test C) Both A and B D) Trendelenburg test Answer: C) Both A and B What does a positive Ortolani test indicate? A) Hip dislocation B) Hip reduction C) Normal hip function D) Hip subluxation Answer: A) Hip dislocation At what age is surgical intervention usually considered for untreated DDH? A) 6 months B) 1 year C) 2 years D) 3 years Answer: C) 2 years What is a potential long-term complication of untreated DDH? A) Osteoarthritis B) Avascular necrosis C) Leg length discrepancy D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above What is the goal of early intervention in DDH? A) Improve aesthetics B) Restore normal hip function C) Minimize healthcare costs D) Prevent obesity Answer: B) Restore normal hip function Which imaging method is preferred for older children with suspected DDH? A) X-ray B) MRI C) Ultrasound D) CT scan Answer: A) X-ray What is the significance of a family history of hip dysplasia? A) It has no significance B) It increases the risk of DDH C) It indicates a severe case D) It guarantees the child will have DDH Answer: B) It increases the risk of DDH Which demographic is at higher risk for DDH? A) Males B) Females C) Premature infants D) Both B and C Answer: D) Both B and C What is the most common presenting symptom of DDH in older children? A) Pain in the hip B) Limited range of motion C) A noticeable limp D) Swelling in the thigh Answer: C) A noticeable limp What is the purpose of the Barlow test? A) To assess hip mobility B) To detect hip dislocation C) To evaluate leg length D) To check for pain Answer: B) To detect hip dislocation What is the expected outcome of treatment for DDH when identified early? A) Complete recovery without complications B) Permanent hip problems C) Risk of surgery D) Chronic pain Answer: A) Complete recovery without complications What is the age cutoff for using a Pavlik harness effectively? A) 3 months B) 6 months C) 1 year D) 18 months Answer: B) 6 months What is an important consideration when using a Pavlik harness? A) Frequent repositioning B) Continuous wear, day and night C) Limiting movement D) Only using during playtime Answer: B) Continuous wear, day and night What condition can mimic symptoms of DDH in infants? A) Hip impingement B) Osteomyelitis C) Congenital muscular torticollis D) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis Answer: C) Congenital muscular torticollis What is the primary method for monitoring the effectiveness of DDH treatment? A) Physical examination B) Regular imaging C) Pain assessment D) Patient feedback Answer: B) Regular imaging What is the prognosis for most infants treated for DDH? A) Poor B) Good C) Uncertain D) Depends on age at diagnosis Answer: B) Good Which sign may indicate that a child has DDH? A) Asymmetrical thigh folds B) Increased flexibility C) Pain during hip extension D) Normal gait Answer: A) Asymmetrical thigh folds What is an indication for surgical intervention in DDH? A) Severe hip flexor tightness B) Non-responsive to bracing C) Mild symptoms D) Presence of hip pain Answer: B) Non-responsive to bracing What should parents be educated about regarding DDH? A) The importance of early diagnosis and treatment B) The potential need for long-term medication C) The lack of genetic factors D) That it only affects boys Answer: A) The importance of early diagnosis and treatment Which type of hip positioning is recommended for infants at risk of DDH? A) Extended position B) Abducted and flexed position C) Supine with straight legs D) Prone position Answer: B) Abducted and flexed position What is the primary goal of DDH treatment? A) Pain relief B) Joint stability and function C) Aesthetic appearance D) Weight management Answer: B) Joint stability and function At what age should children be routinely screened for DDH? A) At birth and 6 weeks B) At 3 months C) At 1 year D) Only if symptomatic Answer: A) At birth and 6 weeks What is the role of genetic factors in DDH? A) They have no role B) They may increase susceptibility C) They guarantee the condition D) They are the primary cause Answer: B) They may increase susceptibility What is the common age range for diagnosis of DDH? A) 0-6 months B) 6-12 months C) 1-2 years D) 3-5 years Answer: A) 0-6 months Which of the following is NOT a typical intervention for DDH? A) Pavlik harness B) Bracing C) Surgical hip reconstruction D) Massage therapy Answer: D) Massage therapy What follow-up care is typically required after surgical intervention for DDH? A) Regular imaging studies B) Strict bed rest C) Immediate physical therapy D) Only pain management Answer: A) Regular imaging studies What can be a sign of hip dysplasia in walking children? A) Normal gait B) Waddling gait C) Heel-toe walking D) Jumping ability Answer: B) Waddling gait What is a late complication of untreated DDH? A) Joint hypermobility B) Hip arthritis C) Enhanced flexibility D) Reduced risk of dislocation Answer: B) Hip arthritis What is an important factor in the success of DDH treatment? A) Type of hip brace used B) Compliance with treatment C) Child’s dietary habits D) Physical activity level Answer: B) Compliance with treatment

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) MCQs
By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: September 28, 2024

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