Bone Structure and Function MCQs

The primary function of bones is to: A) Protect soft tissues B) Store minerals C) Produce blood cells D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above Which of the following is a type of bone cell responsible for forming new bone? A) Osteoclast B) Osteoblast C) Chondrocyte D) Osteocyte Answer: B) Osteoblast Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton? A) Femur B) Tibia C) Sternum D) Humerus Answer: C) Sternum Bone marrow is responsible for: A) Storing calcium B) Producing red and white blood cells C) Producing cartilage D) All of the above Answer: B) Producing red and white blood cells Which mineral is essential for the strength and structure of bones? A) Iron B) Potassium C) Calcium D) Sodium Answer: C) Calcium The type of joint found in the shoulder and hip is called a: A) Hinge joint B) Ball and socket joint C) Pivot joint D) Saddle joint Answer: B) Ball and socket joint Which bone is part of the appendicular skeleton? A) Skull B) Rib C) Radius D) Vertebrae Answer: C) Radius The hard outer layer of bone is known as: A) Periosteum B) Compact bone C) Spongy bone D) Marrow Answer: B) Compact bone Which of the following bones is NOT part of the axial skeleton? A) Skull B) Vertebrae C) Ribs D) Clavicle Answer: D) Clavicle Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by: A) Increased bone density B) Brittle and fragile bones C) Inflammation of joints D) Bone infection Answer: B) Brittle and fragile bones Which bone protects the brain? A) Femur B) Skull C) Radius D) Scapula Answer: B) Skull Which type of bone is primarily responsible for producing red blood cells? A) Compact bone B) Spongy bone C) Long bone D) Short bone Answer: B) Spongy bone The long shaft of a bone is called the: A) Epiphysis B) Diaphysis C) Metaphysis D) Endosteum Answer: B) Diaphysis Which cells are responsible for breaking down bone tissue? A) Osteoclasts B) Osteoblasts C) Chondrocytes D) Osteocytes Answer: A) Osteoclasts Cartilage differs from bone in that it: A) Contains blood vessels B) Is more flexible and less dense C) Contains calcium phosphate D) Cannot regenerate Answer: B) Is more flexible and less dense Which part of the bone contains the growth plate? A) Diaphysis B) Epiphysis C) Metaphysis D) Endosteum Answer: C) Metaphysis The main function of osteocytes is to: A) Break down bone B) Produce new bone C) Maintain bone tissue D) Produce blood cells Answer: C) Maintain bone tissue Spongy bone is primarily located in the: A) Diaphysis of long bones B) Outer layer of all bones C) Epiphyses of long bones D) Center of short bones Answer: C) Epiphyses of long bones Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system? A) Blood cell production B) Detoxification C) Regulation of body temperature D) All of the above Answer: A) Blood cell production The vertebral column consists of how many bones in the adult human? A) 26 B) 33 C) 24 D) 28 Answer: A) 26 The largest bone in the human body is the: A) Femur B) Tibia C) Humerus D) Pelvis Answer: A) Femur The small bone that makes up the lower part of the jaw is called the: A) Maxilla B) Zygomatic C) Mandible D) Nasal bone Answer: C) Mandible The sternum is commonly referred to as the: A) Collarbone B) Breastbone C) Shoulder blade D) Tailbone Answer: B) Breastbone Which of the following is NOT a bone of the arm? A) Humerus B) Ulna C) Radius D) Fibula Answer: D) Fibula What type of joint allows for rotation around a single axis? A) Hinge joint B) Pivot joint C) Ball and socket joint D) Saddle joint Answer: B) Pivot joint What is the function of synovial fluid in joints? A) To break down cartilage B) To reduce friction and nourish cartilage C) To produce new bone cells D) To protect against infection Answer: B) To reduce friction and nourish cartilage Which bone is not part of the skull? A) Frontal bone B) Temporal bone C) Patella D) Parietal bone Answer: C) Patella Which of the following is a flat bone? A) Humerus B) Sternum C) Femur D) Tibia Answer: B) Sternum The primary function of the rib cage is to: A) Support the arms B) Protect internal organs C) Aid in movement D) Produce blood cells Answer: B) Protect internal organs The scapula is commonly known as the: A) Collarbone B) Shoulder blade C) Breastbone D) Tailbone Answer: B) Shoulder blade What type of bone is the femur classified as? A) Long bone B) Short bone C) Flat bone D) Irregular bone Answer: A) Long bone The region where two bones meet is called a: A) Cartilage B) Joint C) Ligament D) Tendon Answer: B) Joint Ligaments connect: A) Muscle to bone B) Bone to bone C) Muscle to muscle D) Tendon to bone Answer: B) Bone to bone The patella is commonly referred to as the: A) Shinbone B) Kneecap C) Elbow D) Ankle bone Answer: B) Kneecap The spine consists of which types of vertebrae? A) Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal B) Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, pelvic C) Thoracic, lumbar, sacral, humeral, femoral D) Cervical, humeral, thoracic, femoral, sacral Answer: A) Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal Bone tissue is primarily composed of which two components? A) Collagen and phosphate B) Calcium and potassium C) Calcium and collagen D) Calcium and iron Answer: C) Calcium and collagen The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body is called: A) Flexion B) Extension C) Abduction D) Adduction Answer: C) Abduction Which part of the vertebrae bears the most weight? A) Cervical vertebrae B) Thoracic vertebrae C) Lumbar vertebrae D) Sacral vertebrae Answer: C) Lumbar vertebrae Which of the following is the smallest bone in the human body? A) Stapes B) Tibia C) Ulna D) Patella Answer: A) Stapes What is the role of red bone marrow? A) Produce fat cells B) Produce blood cells C) Store calcium D) Aid in movement Answer: B) Produce blood cells Which part of the bone contains the yellow marrow? A) Compact bone B) Periosteum C) Medullary cavity D) Epiphysis Answer: C) Medullary cavity Which hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood and bones? A) Insulin B) Parathyroid hormone C) Estrogen D) Thyroxine Answer: B) Parathyroid hormone Bone remodeling is carried out by which two types of cells? A) Osteoblasts and chondrocytes B) Osteoblasts and osteoclasts C) Osteocytes and chondrocytes D) Osteoclasts and myocytes Answer: B) Osteoblasts and osteoclasts Which part of the skeletal system is primarily responsible for supporting the weight of the upper body? A) Pelvic girdle B) Pectoral girdle C) Rib cage D) Skull Answer: A) Pelvic girdle Which of the following bones forms the upper arm? A) Ulna B) Radius C) Humerus D) Clavicle Answer: C) Humerus Which bone is responsible for the protection of the heart and lungs? A) Scapula B) Ribs C) Humerus D) Vertebrae Answer: B) Ribs

Bone Structure and Function MCQs
By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: September 28, 2024

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