Osteoporosis MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: September 28, 2024

What is the primary cause of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women?
a) Decreased estrogen levels
b) Increased calcium intake
c) Excessive exercise
d) High protein diet
Answer: a) Decreased estrogen levels

Which diagnostic test is most commonly used to assess bone density?
a) X-ray
b) DEXA scan
c) MRI
d) CT scan
Answer: b) DEXA scan

What is a common symptom of osteoporosis?
a) Joint swelling
b) Fractures from minimal trauma
c) Muscle cramps
d) Fever
Answer: b) Fractures from minimal trauma

What lifestyle change can help prevent osteoporosis?
a) Decreasing physical activity
b) Increasing calcium and vitamin D intake
c) Smoking
d) High caffeine consumption
Answer: b) Increasing calcium and vitamin D intake

Which medication class is commonly prescribed to treat osteoporosis?
a) Antidepressants
b) Bisphosphonates
c) Antibiotics
d) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Answer: b) Bisphosphonates

What is the role of calcium in bone health?
a) Inhibits bone formation
b) Essential for bone strength
c) Has no effect on bones
d) Decreases bone density
Answer: b) Essential for bone strength

Which age group is most at risk for developing osteoporosis?
a) Children
b) Young adults
c) Elderly individuals
d) Middle-aged individuals
Answer: c) Elderly individuals

What dietary source is rich in vitamin D?
a) Leafy greens
b) Dairy products
c) Fish
d) Whole grains
Answer: c) Fish

Which condition can increase the risk of osteoporosis?
a) Hyperthyroidism
b) Diabetes mellitus
c) Hypertension
d) Asthma
Answer: a) Hyperthyroidism

What is the effect of glucocorticoids on bone health?
a) Increase bone density
b) Promote bone formation
c) Cause bone loss
d) Enhance calcium absorption
Answer: c) Cause bone loss

Which type of fracture is commonly associated with osteoporosis?
a) Greenstick fracture
b) Comminuted fracture
c) Compression fracture
d) Spiral fracture
Answer: c) Compression fracture

What is the main hormone responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood?
a) Insulin
b) Calcitonin
c) Parathyroid hormone
d) Thyroid hormone
Answer: c) Parathyroid hormone

What lifestyle factor is crucial for maintaining bone health?
a) Sedentary lifestyle
b) High sugar diet
c) Adequate physical activity
d) Low protein intake
Answer: c) Adequate physical activity

What is the primary symptom of a hip fracture in older adults?
a) Swelling
b) Severe pain and inability to bear weight
c) Redness
d) Fever
Answer: b) Severe pain and inability to bear weight

Which gender is at a higher risk for developing osteoporosis?
a) Male
b) Female
c) Both genders equally
d) Neither gender
Answer: b) Female

What role does vitamin K play in bone health?
a) Increases calcium absorption
b) Decreases calcium loss
c) Promotes bone formation
d) Has no effect on bones
Answer: b) Decreases calcium loss

Which of the following can be a risk factor for osteoporosis?
a) High activity levels
b) Excessive alcohol consumption
c) Balanced diet
d) Non-smoker
Answer: b) Excessive alcohol consumption

What is a common diagnostic feature of osteoporosis on X-ray?
a) Increased bone density
b) Thin and brittle bones
c) Enlarged bone structures
d) Normal bone appearance
Answer: b) Thin and brittle bones

What is the most common site for osteoporotic fractures?
a) Wrist
b) Hip
c) Spine
d) Shoulder
Answer: c) Spine

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of untreated osteoporosis?
a) Bone fractures
b) Increased height
c) Dowager’s hump
d) Loss of mobility
Answer: b) Increased height

What is a common non-pharmacological intervention for osteoporosis?
a) Bed rest
b) Regular weight-bearing exercises
c) High caffeine intake
d) High sodium diet
Answer: b) Regular weight-bearing exercises

What is the most effective way to prevent osteoporosis?
a) Avoiding calcium
b) Engaging in regular exercise
c) Taking glucocorticoids
d) Reducing physical activity
Answer: b) Engaging in regular exercise

What dietary recommendation is made for individuals with osteoporosis?
a) Low protein intake
b) High fat diet
c) Adequate calcium and vitamin D
d) High carbohydrate diet
Answer: c) Adequate calcium and vitamin D

What does the term “osteopenia” refer to?
a) Normal bone density
b) Mild bone loss
c) Severe bone loss
d) Thickened bones
Answer: b) Mild bone loss

What type of exercise is most beneficial for bone health?
a) Aerobic exercise
b) Weight-bearing exercise
c) Flexibility training
d) Stretching
Answer: b) Weight-bearing exercise

Which of the following can lead to secondary osteoporosis?
a) Chronic kidney disease
b) Adequate calcium intake
c) Regular exercise
d) Balanced diet
Answer: a) Chronic kidney disease

What is a common treatment for patients with osteoporosis?
a) Corticosteroids
b) Calcium supplements
c) High-dose vitamin A
d) Beta-blockers
Answer: b) Calcium supplements

What role does the parathyroid hormone play in bone metabolism?
a) Stimulates bone formation
b) Inhibits calcium absorption
c) Increases calcium resorption
d) Promotes vitamin D synthesis
Answer: c) Increases calcium resorption

What is the primary goal of osteoporosis treatment?
a) Increase bone size
b) Decrease bone density
c) Prevent fractures
d) Enhance calcium loss
Answer: c) Prevent fractures

Which factor contributes to the development of osteoporosis in elderly individuals?
a) Increased muscle mass
b) Decreased hormonal levels
c) High calcium intake
d) Active lifestyle
Answer: b) Decreased hormonal levels

What is the effect of a high protein diet on calcium metabolism?
a) Decreases calcium absorption
b) Increases calcium excretion
c) Has no effect
d) Promotes calcium retention
Answer: b) Increases calcium excretion

Which imaging technique is often used to monitor the effects of osteoporosis treatment?
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) DEXA scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: c) DEXA scan

What lifestyle choice can exacerbate osteoporosis?
a) Regular exercise
b) Smoking
c) Adequate hydration
d) Balanced diet
Answer: b) Smoking

Which population is most likely to develop osteoporosis?
a) Young athletes
b) Postmenopausal women
c) Teenage girls
d) Males under 30
Answer: b) Postmenopausal women

What is the recommended daily calcium intake for adults over 50?
a) 500 mg
b) 800 mg
c) 1,000 mg
d) 1,200 mg
Answer: d) 1,200 mg

What is a significant complication of osteoporosis?
a) Joint pain
b) Fractures
c) Muscle weakness
d) Inflammation
Answer: b) Fractures

What is the relationship between vitamin D and calcium?
a) Vitamin D inhibits calcium absorption
b) Vitamin D has no effect on calcium
c) Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption
d) Calcium decreases vitamin D levels
Answer: c) Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption

Which type of physical activity is least beneficial for bone health?
a) Weightlifting
b) Swimming
c) Jogging
d) Hiking
Answer: b) Swimming

What is a common sign of osteoporosis progression?
a) Increased bone density
b) Development of fractures
c) Height increase
d) Improved mobility
Answer: b) Development of fractures

What role does estrogen play in the prevention of osteoporosis?
a) Increases bone resorption
b) Decreases bone formation
c) Maintains bone density
d) Has no effect on bones
Answer: c) Maintains bone density

 

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