Osteomyelitis MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: September 28, 2024

What is the most common organism responsible for osteomyelitis in children? A) Staphylococcus aureus B) Streptococcus pneumoniae C) Escherichia coli D) Haemophilus influenzae Answer: A) Staphylococcus aureus Which type of osteomyelitis occurs due to hematogenous spread? A) Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis B) Chronic osteomyelitis C) Contiguous osteomyelitis D) Post-traumatic osteomyelitis Answer: A) Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis What is the primary route of infection in hematogenous osteomyelitis? A) Direct inoculation B) Contiguous spread from adjacent tissues C) Bloodstream D) Surgical procedures Answer: C) Bloodstream In adults, which organism is commonly associated with osteomyelitis following a puncture wound? A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa B) Staphylococcus epidermidis C) Streptococcus pyogenes D) Clostridium perfringens Answer: A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Which imaging modality is most useful for early detection of osteomyelitis? A) X-ray B) MRI C) CT scan D) Ultrasound Answer: B) MRI What is the gold standard for diagnosing osteomyelitis? A) Blood cultures B) Bone biopsy C) MRI findings D) Clinical symptoms Answer: B) Bone biopsy Which of the following is a risk factor for developing septic arthritis? A) Age over 50 B) Previous joint surgery C) Diabetes mellitus D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above What is the most common pathogen associated with septic arthritis in adults? A) Streptococcus pneumoniae B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae D) Escherichia coli Answer: B) Staphylococcus aureus What is the typical presentation of septic arthritis? A) Pain and swelling in multiple joints B) Asymptomatic C) Sudden onset of pain, swelling, and fever in a single joint D) Chronic joint pain without swelling Answer: C) Sudden onset of pain, swelling, and fever in a single joint Which joint is most commonly affected by septic arthritis in adults? A) Hip B) Shoulder C) Knee D) Ankle Answer: C) Knee What is the initial treatment for septic arthritis? A) Oral antibiotics B) Intravenous antibiotics and joint drainage C) Rest and ice D) Surgical intervention Answer: B) Intravenous antibiotics and joint drainage What is the significance of synovial fluid analysis in suspected septic arthritis? A) To determine joint mobility B) To identify pathogens and white blood cell count C) To assess cartilage damage D) To measure joint temperature Answer: B) To identify pathogens and white blood cell count In chronic osteomyelitis, what is a common feature seen on imaging? A) Soft tissue swelling B) Periosteal reaction C) Lytic bone lesions D) Normal bone appearance Answer: C) Lytic bone lesions Which patient population is at higher risk for osteomyelitis due to diabetes? A) Children B) Middle-aged women C) Elderly patients D) Athletes Answer: C) Elderly patients What is a common complication of septic arthritis? A) Bone necrosis B) Muscle atrophy C) Tendon rupture D) All of the above Answer: A) Bone necrosis What laboratory test is most helpful in diagnosing osteomyelitis? A) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) B) Complete blood count (CBC) C) C-reactive protein (CRP) D) Blood cultures Answer: D) Blood cultures Which of the following can lead to contiguous osteomyelitis? A) Skin infection B) Trauma or surgery C) Diabetes D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above What is the typical duration of antibiotic therapy for osteomyelitis? A) 3-5 days B) 7-10 days C) 4-6 weeks D) 2-3 months Answer: C) 4-6 weeks Which of the following factors does NOT increase the risk of osteomyelitis? A) Immunosuppression B) Poor nutrition C) Regular exercise D) Chronic diseases Answer: C) Regular exercise What is the primary treatment goal for osteomyelitis? A) Pain relief B) Cure the infection and preserve bone function C) Reduce inflammation D) Enhance physical therapy Answer: B) Cure the infection and preserve bone function Which antibiotic is often used as the first-line treatment for community-acquired osteomyelitis? A) Vancomycin B) Cefazolin C) Clindamycin D) Ampicillin Answer: B) Cefazolin What is the primary risk factor for developing chronic osteomyelitis? A) Uncontrolled diabetes B) Participation in contact sports C) Family history of infections D) Adequate hydration Answer: A) Uncontrolled diabetes In which age group is osteomyelitis most common? A) Infants B) Adolescents C) Adults D) Elderly Answer: A) Infants What is a characteristic feature of the joint effusion in septic arthritis? A) Clear and colorless B) Cloudy and purulent C) Thick and gelatinous D) None of the above Answer: B) Cloudy and purulent What is the significance of bone scanning in osteomyelitis? A) It provides detailed imaging of soft tissues B) It can detect metabolic activity in bone C) It is the first line of diagnosis D) It is not useful Answer: B) It can detect metabolic activity in bone Which type of bone is most commonly affected by osteomyelitis? A) Flat bones B) Long bones C) Short bones D) Irregular bones Answer: B) Long bones What is a common finding in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis? A) Healthy granulation tissue B) Necrotic bone or sequestrum C) Absence of infection D) Minimal inflammation Answer: B) Necrotic bone or sequestrum Which of the following is NOT a common complication of osteomyelitis? A) Abscess formation B) Osteosarcoma C) Pathologic fractures D) Chronic pain Answer: B) Osteosarcoma What is the primary cause of osteomyelitis in intravenous drug users? A) Bacterial infection from contaminated needles B) Viral infection C) Fungus D) Autoimmune response Answer: A) Bacterial infection from contaminated needles In the context of bone infections, what does the term “sequestrum” refer to? A) Infected bone B) Dead bone that separates from living bone C) Inflamed soft tissue D) Abscess Answer: B) Dead bone that separates from living bone Which of the following is a potential consequence of untreated septic arthritis? A) Complete recovery B) Joint destruction and chronic pain C) Improved joint function D) None of the above Answer: B) Joint destruction and chronic pain What role does debridement play in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis? A) It is unnecessary B) It helps remove necrotic tissue and infected bone C) It only provides temporary relief D) It is used as a last resort Answer: B) It helps remove necrotic tissue and infected bone Which imaging technique is preferred for diagnosing joint infections? A) X-ray B) MRI C) Ultrasound D) CT scan Answer: B) MRI What is the common laboratory finding in a patient with septic arthritis? A) Elevated liver enzymes B) Increased white blood cell count C) Decreased hemoglobin D) Normal blood tests Answer: B) Increased white blood cell count How does diabetes mellitus contribute to the risk of bone and joint infections? A) It enhances immune function B) It promotes better blood circulation C) It impairs wound healing and increases susceptibility D) It has no effect on infections Answer: C) It impairs wound healing and increases susceptibility Which organism is commonly responsible for osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell disease? A) Salmonella B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Escherichia coli D) Streptococcus pneumoniae Answer: A) Salmonella  

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