call by reference and call by value in C++ User define functions

call by reference and call by value in C++ User define functions is explained with easy words in this tutorial. Note: Variables x and y on line number6 are getting the values from line 4 and line4 is getting the values from line 22, and line 22 is getting the values of a and b from line number 19 and 21 Logic

Call by value and call by reference in c++ User define functions

Call by value in C++ – User Define Functions

//call by value using user define function - t4tutorials.com
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int greature_num(int x ,int y)
{
	if(x>y)
	{
		cout<<x<<" Is Greater than  "<<y;
	}
	else
	{
		cout<<y<<" is greater than "<<x;
	}
}
int main()
{
	int a,b;
	cout<<"Enter 1st Number : ";
	cin>>a;
	cout<<"Enter 2nd Number : ";
	cin>>b;
	greature_num(a,b);
}

//call by value using user define function - t4tutorials.com

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int greature_num(int x ,int y)

{

if(x>y)

{

cout<<x<<" Is Greater than "<<y;

}

else

{

cout<<y<<" is greater than "<<x;

}

int main()

{

int a,b;

cout<<"Enter 1st Number : ";

cin>>a;

cout<<"Enter 2nd Number : ";

cin>>b;

greature_num(a,b);

}

Output Enter 1st Number : 2 Enter 2nd Number : 3 3 is greater than 2

Call by reference in C++ – User Define Functions

call by reference vs call by value in C++ User define functions

//call by value using user define function - t4tutorials.com
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
int greature_num(int &x ,int &y)
{
	if(x>y)
	{
		cout<<x<<" Is Greature than  "<<y;
	}
	else
	{
		cout<<y<<" is greature than "<<x;
	}
}
int main()
{
	int a,b;
	cout<<"Enter 1st Number : ";
	cin>>a;
	cout<<"Enter 2nd Number : ";
	cin>>b;
	greature_num(a,b);
}

//call by value using user define function - t4tutorials.com

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int greature_num(int &x ,int &y)

{

if(x>y)

{

cout<<x<<" Is Greature than "<<y;

}

else

{

cout<<y<<" is greature than "<<x;

}

int main()

{

int a,b;

cout<<"Enter 1st Number : ";

cin>>a;

cout<<"Enter 2nd Number : ";

cin>>b;

greature_num(a,b);

}

Output Enter 1st Number : 8 Enter 2nd Number : 9 9 is greater than 8

what is the difference between pass by reference and call by reference?

In C++ and C, call by reference and pass by reference are the same things. Difference between call by value and call by reference in C++

No.	Pass by value	Pass by reference
1	A copy of value is passed to the user define a function.	An address of value is passed to the user define function.
2	Changes made inside the user define function is not reflected on other functions.	Changes made inside the user define function is reflected outside the function also.
3	Actual and formal parameters will be created in different memory locations.	Actual and formal parameters will be created in same memory locations

Call by value: Changes made inside the user defined function is not reflected on other functions.

The demo is for variable Y.

//call by value using user define function - t4tutorials.com
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int sum(int &x ,int y)
//&x represents call by refrence
//&x receiving 5 from parameter a on line#19
//y receiving 10 from parameter b on line#19
//y represent call by value
{
	x=x+20;
	y=y+10;
	cout<<x+y<<endl;
}
int main()
{
	int a,b;
	a=5;
	b=10;
	sum(a,b);
//value of a is passing to &x by reference 
//value of b is passing to y by value 
	cout<<a<<endl<<b<<endl;	
}

//call by value using user define function - t4tutorials.com

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int sum(int &x ,int y)

//&x represents call by refrence

//&x receiving 5 from parameter a on line#19

//y receiving 10 from parameter b on line#19

//y represent call by value

{

x=x+20;

y=y+10;

cout<<x+y<<endl;

}

int main()

{

int a,b;

a=5;

b=10;

sum(a,b);

//value of a is passing to &x by reference

//value of b is passing to y by value

cout<<a<<endl<<b<<endl;

}

Output 45 25 10

call by reference and call by value in C++ User define functions
By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: March 3, 2022

Call by value in C++ – User Define Functions

Call by reference in C++ – User Define Functions

what is the difference between pass by reference and call by reference?

Call by value: Changes made inside the user defined function is not reflected on other functions.

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