Osteoporosis MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: September 28, 2024

What is the primary cause of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women? a) Decreased estrogen levels b) Increased calcium intake c) Excessive exercise d) High protein diet Answer: a) Decreased estrogen levels Which diagnostic test is most commonly used to assess bone density? a) X-ray b) DEXA scan c) MRI d) CT scan Answer: b) DEXA scan What is a common symptom of osteoporosis? a) Joint swelling b) Fractures from minimal trauma c) Muscle cramps d) Fever Answer: b) Fractures from minimal trauma What lifestyle change can help prevent osteoporosis? a) Decreasing physical activity b) Increasing calcium and vitamin D intake c) Smoking d) High caffeine consumption Answer: b) Increasing calcium and vitamin D intake Which medication class is commonly prescribed to treat osteoporosis? a) Antidepressants b) Bisphosphonates c) Antibiotics d) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Answer: b) Bisphosphonates What is the role of calcium in bone health? a) Inhibits bone formation b) Essential for bone strength c) Has no effect on bones d) Decreases bone density Answer: b) Essential for bone strength Which age group is most at risk for developing osteoporosis? a) Children b) Young adults c) Elderly individuals d) Middle-aged individuals Answer: c) Elderly individuals What dietary source is rich in vitamin D? a) Leafy greens b) Dairy products c) Fish d) Whole grains Answer: c) Fish Which condition can increase the risk of osteoporosis? a) Hyperthyroidism b) Diabetes mellitus c) Hypertension d) Asthma Answer: a) Hyperthyroidism What is the effect of glucocorticoids on bone health? a) Increase bone density b) Promote bone formation c) Cause bone loss d) Enhance calcium absorption Answer: c) Cause bone loss Which type of fracture is commonly associated with osteoporosis? a) Greenstick fracture b) Comminuted fracture c) Compression fracture d) Spiral fracture Answer: c) Compression fracture What is the main hormone responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood? a) Insulin b) Calcitonin c) Parathyroid hormone d) Thyroid hormone Answer: c) Parathyroid hormone What lifestyle factor is crucial for maintaining bone health? a) Sedentary lifestyle b) High sugar diet c) Adequate physical activity d) Low protein intake Answer: c) Adequate physical activity What is the primary symptom of a hip fracture in older adults? a) Swelling b) Severe pain and inability to bear weight c) Redness d) Fever Answer: b) Severe pain and inability to bear weight Which gender is at a higher risk for developing osteoporosis? a) Male b) Female c) Both genders equally d) Neither gender Answer: b) Female What role does vitamin K play in bone health? a) Increases calcium absorption b) Decreases calcium loss c) Promotes bone formation d) Has no effect on bones Answer: b) Decreases calcium loss Which of the following can be a risk factor for osteoporosis? a) High activity levels b) Excessive alcohol consumption c) Balanced diet d) Non-smoker Answer: b) Excessive alcohol consumption What is a common diagnostic feature of osteoporosis on X-ray? a) Increased bone density b) Thin and brittle bones c) Enlarged bone structures d) Normal bone appearance Answer: b) Thin and brittle bones What is the most common site for osteoporotic fractures? a) Wrist b) Hip c) Spine d) Shoulder Answer: c) Spine Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of untreated osteoporosis? a) Bone fractures b) Increased height c) Dowager’s hump d) Loss of mobility Answer: b) Increased height What is a common non-pharmacological intervention for osteoporosis? a) Bed rest b) Regular weight-bearing exercises c) High caffeine intake d) High sodium diet Answer: b) Regular weight-bearing exercises What is the most effective way to prevent osteoporosis? a) Avoiding calcium b) Engaging in regular exercise c) Taking glucocorticoids d) Reducing physical activity Answer: b) Engaging in regular exercise What dietary recommendation is made for individuals with osteoporosis? a) Low protein intake b) High fat diet c) Adequate calcium and vitamin D d) High carbohydrate diet Answer: c) Adequate calcium and vitamin D What does the term “osteopenia” refer to? a) Normal bone density b) Mild bone loss c) Severe bone loss d) Thickened bones Answer: b) Mild bone loss What type of exercise is most beneficial for bone health? a) Aerobic exercise b) Weight-bearing exercise c) Flexibility training d) Stretching Answer: b) Weight-bearing exercise Which of the following can lead to secondary osteoporosis? a) Chronic kidney disease b) Adequate calcium intake c) Regular exercise d) Balanced diet Answer: a) Chronic kidney disease What is a common treatment for patients with osteoporosis? a) Corticosteroids b) Calcium supplements c) High-dose vitamin A d) Beta-blockers Answer: b) Calcium supplements What role does the parathyroid hormone play in bone metabolism? a) Stimulates bone formation b) Inhibits calcium absorption c) Increases calcium resorption d) Promotes vitamin D synthesis Answer: c) Increases calcium resorption What is the primary goal of osteoporosis treatment? a) Increase bone size b) Decrease bone density c) Prevent fractures d) Enhance calcium loss Answer: c) Prevent fractures Which factor contributes to the development of osteoporosis in elderly individuals? a) Increased muscle mass b) Decreased hormonal levels c) High calcium intake d) Active lifestyle Answer: b) Decreased hormonal levels What is the effect of a high protein diet on calcium metabolism? a) Decreases calcium absorption b) Increases calcium excretion c) Has no effect d) Promotes calcium retention Answer: b) Increases calcium excretion Which imaging technique is often used to monitor the effects of osteoporosis treatment? a) X-ray b) MRI c) DEXA scan d) Ultrasound Answer: c) DEXA scan What lifestyle choice can exacerbate osteoporosis? a) Regular exercise b) Smoking c) Adequate hydration d) Balanced diet Answer: b) Smoking Which population is most likely to develop osteoporosis? a) Young athletes b) Postmenopausal women c) Teenage girls d) Males under 30 Answer: b) Postmenopausal women What is the recommended daily calcium intake for adults over 50? a) 500 mg b) 800 mg c) 1,000 mg d) 1,200 mg Answer: d) 1,200 mg What is a significant complication of osteoporosis? a) Joint pain b) Fractures c) Muscle weakness d) Inflammation Answer: b) Fractures What is the relationship between vitamin D and calcium? a) Vitamin D inhibits calcium absorption b) Vitamin D has no effect on calcium c) Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption d) Calcium decreases vitamin D levels Answer: c) Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption Which type of physical activity is least beneficial for bone health? a) Weightlifting b) Swimming c) Jogging d) Hiking Answer: b) Swimming What is a common sign of osteoporosis progression? a) Increased bone density b) Development of fractures c) Height increase d) Improved mobility Answer: b) Development of fractures What role does estrogen play in the prevention of osteoporosis? a) Increases bone resorption b) Decreases bone formation c) Maintains bone density d) Has no effect on bones Answer: c) Maintains bone density  

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