Difference between Active and passive immunity

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: February 3, 2024

Comparison between Active and passive immunity

Characteristic

 

 Active immunity Passive immunity
Source of immunity Developed by an individual’s own immune system Acquired from an external source
Response time

 

 

 Requires time to develop Having Immediate effect
Duration

 

 

 Long term (often lifelong) Short term
Mechanism It stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies It receives antibodies from outside
Types

 

 

 Natural and acquired immunity Natural and artificial immunity
Memory Develops immune memory for future protection Does not develop immune memory
Need for repeated exposures Requires repeated exposures to the antigen for a strong response Does not require repeated exposures
Examples 1. Recovery from an infection                           2. vaccination 1. Maternal antibodies     2. Immunoglobulin injections

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