Characteristic
|
Active immunity |
Passive immunity |
Source of immunity |
Developed by an individual’s own immune system |
Acquired from an external source |
Response time
|
Requires time to develop |
Having Immediate effect |
Duration
|
Long term (often lifelong) |
Short term |
Mechanism |
It stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies |
It receives antibodies from outside |
Types
|
Natural and acquired immunity |
Natural and artificial immunity |
Memory |
Develops immune memory for future protection |
Does not develop immune memory |
Need for repeated exposures |
Requires repeated exposures to the antigen for a strong response |
Does not require repeated exposures |
Examples |
1. Recovery from an infection 2. vaccination |
1. Maternal antibodies 2. Immunoglobulin injections |