Let me share with you a comparison of Active transport and Passive transport.
| Aspect | Active Transport | Passive Transport |
| Introduction | Movement of substances against t concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. | Movement of substances along the concentration gradient, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
| Energy Requirement | Requires energy input, usually in the form of ATP | Does not require energy input |
| Types | · Primary active transport · Secondary active transport (cotransport) |
· Simple diffusion
· Facilitated diffusion · Osmosis |
| Carrier Proteins | Utilizes carrier proteins or pumps to actively transport molecules or ions across the cell membrane. | May involve carrier proteins but can also occur through simple diffusion or channel proteins. |
| Selectivity | Highly selective | Selective but less specific |
| Rate of Transport | Can transport substances at a higher rate compared to passive transport. | Generally slower compared to active transport due to reliance on random kinetic motion. |
| Examples in Cells | · Sodium-potassium pump in animal cells
· Proton pump in plant cells · Ion pumps in nerve cells |
· Movement of oxygen through the lipid bilayer
· Facilitated diffusion of glucose through carrier proteins · Osmosis in plant cells |