When a vowel comes after a horizontal stroke it is written below the stroke – Shorthand

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: February 12, 2025

Yam shorthand

1. Y is represented as a small hook at the beginning of the stroke, extending from the lower right to the upper right side, representing the “Y” sound.
2. vowel A is represented by light dot placed below  the “Y” stroke.
3. M is represented by a straight downward curved stroke curving from left to right .

Gap shorthand

1. G is represented by a horizontal heavy stroke.
2. A is represented by a light-weighted dot placed below the “G” stroke.
3. P is represented by a slanting stroke, drawn from the top left to the bottom right.

Map shorthand

1. M is represented by a light curved downward stroke.
2. A is represented by a light dot placed below the “M” stroke.
3. P is represented by a slanting stroke, drawn from top left to bottom right, representing the “P” sound.

Yoga shorthand

1. Y is represented by a small hook at the beginning of the stroke, extending from the lower right to the upper right side.
2. O is represented by a heavy dash placed below the “Y” stroke.
3. G is represented by a horizontal heavy stroke.
4. A is represented by a light dot placed below the “G” stroke.