Pediatric Radiology MCQs Radiology

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: September 14, 2024

1. The most common imaging modality used to evaluate pediatric fractures is:
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) X-ray


2. In pediatric radiology, the imaging modality of choice for evaluating soft tissue masses is:
a) MRI
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) MRI


3. The preferred imaging method for assessing congenital heart defects in infants is:
a) Echocardiography
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Echocardiography


4. The “ossification centers” in pediatric radiology are important for evaluating:
a) Bone age
b) Soft tissue tumors
c) Internal organ development
d) Skull fractures
Answer: a) Bone age


5. Pediatric patients are more sensitive to radiation than adults due to:
a) Their rapidly dividing cells
b) Higher body fat percentage
c) Lower overall metabolic rate
d) Reduced bone density
Answer: a) Their rapidly dividing cells


6. The primary imaging method for diagnosing developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants is:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


7. In pediatric radiology, “barium swallow studies” are commonly used to evaluate:
a) Gastrointestinal tract disorders
b) Bone fractures
c) Brain tumors
d) Kidney function
Answer: a) Gastrointestinal tract disorders


8. The imaging technique most effective for assessing neurological disorders in pediatric patients is:
a) MRI
b) X-ray
c) Ultrasound
d) CT scan
Answer: a) MRI


9. The “skeletal survey” is typically performed to:
a) Assess for child abuse
b) Diagnose congenital heart defects
c) Evaluate respiratory conditions
d) Monitor bone growth
Answer: a) Assess for child abuse


10. The imaging modality of choice for evaluating respiratory conditions in neonates is:
a) Chest X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) Chest X-ray


11. To assess the development of the brain in premature infants, the best imaging technique is:
a) Cranial ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Cranial ultrasound


12. The “radiological signs of scurvy” in children can be seen on:
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) X-ray


13. For detecting appendicitis in children, the imaging modality of choice is:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


14. Pediatric imaging protocols often use:
a) Lower radiation doses compared to adults
b) Higher radiation doses compared to adults
c) The same radiation doses as adults
d) No radiation at all
Answer: a) Lower radiation doses compared to adults


15. The “double bubble sign” seen on X-ray is indicative of:
a) Duodenal atresia
b) Pneumonia
c) Gastroesophageal reflux
d) Appendicitis
Answer: a) Duodenal atresia


16. The primary imaging technique for diagnosing osteomyelitis in pediatric patients is:
a) MRI
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) MRI


17. In evaluating developmental abnormalities of the spine, the imaging modality of choice is:
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) X-ray


18. For evaluating pediatric abdominal pain, which imaging technique is preferred initially?:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


19. The “metaphyseal corner fractures” seen on X-ray are associated with:
a) Child abuse
b) Osteogenesis imperfecta
c) Rickets
d) Scurvy
Answer: a) Child abuse


20. In pediatric radiology, the best modality to assess for congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) is:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


21. The “coarctation of the aorta” in pediatric patients is best evaluated with:
a) MRI
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) Echocardiography
Answer: d) Echocardiography


22. The “ultrasonographic” sign used to diagnose pyloric stenosis is:
a) Target sign
b) Double bubble sign
c) String sign
d) Snowstorm sign
Answer: a) Target sign


23. The “metaphyseal widening” seen in X-rays of children is often indicative of:
a) Rickets
b) Osteomyelitis
c) Osteogenesis imperfecta
d) Scurvy
Answer: a) Rickets


24. In evaluating bone tumors in pediatric patients, the imaging modality of choice is:
a) MRI
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) MRI


25. The “sail sign” observed on chest X-ray in children suggests:
a) Pneumothorax
b) Fractured clavicle
c) Hemothorax
d) Bronchial obstruction
Answer: b) Fractured clavicle


26. The imaging technique most commonly used to evaluate neonatal jaundice is:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


27. The “snowstorm appearance” seen on X-ray is associated with:
a) Hydatid cyst
b) Osteosarcoma
c) Ewing sarcoma
d) Rhabdomyosarcoma
Answer: c) Ewing sarcoma


28. In the diagnosis of “intussusception” in children, the best initial imaging study is:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


29. “Hirschsprung disease” is primarily diagnosed using:
a) Contrast enema
b) X-ray
c) MRI
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) Contrast enema


30. The imaging technique of choice for evaluating pediatric hip disorders is:
a) MRI
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: b) X-ray


31. The “tracheoesophageal fistula” in infants is best diagnosed with:
a) Contrast X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) Contrast X-ray


32. The “diagnostic criteria for osteosarcoma” often includes:
a) X-ray findings of a sunburst pattern
b) MRI findings of a snowstorm pattern
c) CT scan findings of a target sign
d) Ultrasound findings of a double bubble sign
Answer: a) X-ray findings of a sunburst pattern


33. The imaging modality used to evaluate “neuroblastoma” in pediatric patients is:
a) CT scan
b) X-ray
c) MRI
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) CT scan


34. For assessing “Wilms tumor,” the imaging modality of choice is:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


35. The “breech presentation” in the fetus is best evaluated with:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


36. The “target sign” on ultrasound is indicative of:
a) Appendicitis
b) Intussusception
c) Pyloric stenosis
d) Duodenal atresia
Answer: b) Intussusception


37. The “developmental dysplasia of the hip” in infants is primarily assessed with:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) MRI
Answer: a) Ultrasound


38. “Spina bifida” in pediatric patients is best assessed using:
a) MRI
b) X-ray
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) MRI


39. The “preoperative imaging for congenital diaphragmatic hernia” is best done with:
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) X-ray


40. The “pediatric brain tumors” most often evaluated with imaging are:
a) Medulloblastomas and ependymomas
b) Osteosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas
c) Neuroblastomas and Wilms tumors
d) Rhabdomyosarcomas and hepatoblastomas
Answer: a) Medulloblastomas and ependymomas


41. The “KUB X-ray” is used to evaluate:
a) Kidneys, ureters, and bladder
b) Knee, ulna, and brain
c) Kidney, urethra, and bladder
d) Knee, ureter, and bowel
Answer: a) Kidneys, ureters, and bladder


42. The “radial head subluxation” in children is commonly diagnosed with:
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) X-ray


43. The “pediatric chest X-ray” is used to assess for:
a) Respiratory infections and congenital anomalies
b) Bone tumors and fractures
c) Gastrointestinal disorders
d) Soft tissue masses
Answer: a) Respiratory infections and congenital anomalies


44. The “appearance of bone marrow edema” in pediatric MRI is associated with:
a) Osteomyelitis
b) Osteogenesis imperfecta
c) Rickets
d) Scurvy
Answer: a) Osteomyelitis


45. “Cystic fibrosis” is best evaluated using:
a) Chest X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) Chest X-ray


46. The “pediatric abdominal ultrasound” is useful in diagnosing:
a) Appendicitis and intussusception
b) Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma
c) Neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor
d) Spina bifida and hydrocephalus
Answer: a) Appendicitis and intussusception


47. The “calvarial fractures” in infants are best evaluated with:
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
Answer: a) X-ray


48. “Infantile hemangiomas” are most commonly assessed with:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-ray
c) MRI
d) CT scan
Answer: a) Ultrasound


49. The “thoracic spine MRI” in pediatric patients is commonly used to evaluate:
a) Spinal cord tumors and congenital anomalies
b) Fractures and infections
c) Osteomyelitis and abscesses
d) Bone growth and development
Answer: a) Spinal cord tumors and congenital anomalies


50. The “initial imaging for suspected child abuse” often includes:
a) Skeletal survey
b) Brain MRI
c) Abdominal ultrasound
d) Chest X-ray
Answer: a) Skeletal survey