2. Which imaging technique provides the best detail of brain soft tissues? A) X-ray B) CT scan C) PET scan D) MRI Answer: D) MRI
3. What does a “dew drop on a rose petal” sign on MRI suggest? A) Glioblastoma B) Neurocysticercosis C) Multiple sclerosis D) Alzheimer’s disease Answer: B) Neurocysticercosis
4. What imaging feature is characteristic of a subdural hematoma on a CT scan? A) Crescent-shaped hyperdensity B) Biconvex hyperdensity C) Hypodense mass D) Increased signal intensity Answer: A) Crescent-shaped hyperdensity
5. What is the primary imaging modality for evaluating brain tumors? A) X-ray B) MRI C) Ultrasound D) PET scan Answer: B) MRI
6. Which MRI sequence is best for evaluating brain white matter lesions? A) T1-weighted B) T2-weighted C) Diffusion-weighted D) Gradient echo Answer: B) T2-weighted
7. What does the “butterfly glioma” pattern on MRI suggest? A) Metastatic disease B) Diffuse glioma C) Meningioma D) Hemorrhagic stroke Answer: B) Diffuse glioma
8. Which imaging feature is indicative of a stroke in the acute phase? A) Hypodense area on CT B) Hyperintense area on T1-weighted MRI C) Normal signal on MRI D) Calcification Answer: A) Hypodense area on CT
9. What does the “cerebellar atrophy” pattern on MRI often indicate? A) Multiple sclerosis B) Glioblastoma C) Alzheimer’s disease D) Hydrocephalus Answer: A) Multiple sclerosis
10. What imaging modality is commonly used for pre-surgical mapping of brain functions? A) X-ray B) Functional MRI (fMRI) C) CT scan D) PET scan Answer: B) Functional MRI (fMRI)
11. Which MRI sequence is best for visualizing hemorrhagic lesions? A) T1-weighted B) T2-weighted C) Gradient echo D) Diffusion-weighted Answer: C) Gradient echo
12. What is the typical appearance of a brain abscess on an MRI? A) Ring-enhancing lesion with central necrosis B) Hypodense mass C) Hyperintense lesion D) Calcified mass Answer: A) Ring-enhancing lesion with central necrosis
13. What does the “tram-track sign” on MRI suggest? A) Meningioma B) Neurofibromatosis type 2 C) Glioblastoma D) Metastatic disease Answer: B) Neurofibromatosis type 2
14. Which imaging feature is indicative of a subarachnoid hemorrhage on a CT scan? A) Hyperdensity in the subarachnoid space B) Hypodense lesion C) Isodense mass D) Soft tissue swelling Answer: A) Hyperdensity in the subarachnoid space
15. What imaging modality is used to assess brain perfusion? A) X-ray B) CT perfusion imaging C) MRI D) PET scan Answer: B) CT perfusion imaging
16. What does the “egg-shell calcification” appearance on an MRI suggest? A) Glioblastoma B) Neurocysticercosis C) Meningioma D) Metastatic disease Answer: B) Neurocysticercosis
17. Which MRI sequence is best for visualizing spinal cord lesions? A) T1-weighted B) T2-weighted C) STIR D) Gradient echo Answer: C) STIR
18. What is the characteristic appearance of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) on MRI? A) Nidus of vessels with mixed signal intensities B) Ring-enhancing lesion C) Hyperintense mass D) Calcified lesion Answer: A) Nidus of vessels with mixed signal intensities
19. What does the “moon facies” sign on an MRI suggest? A) Chronic hydrocephalus B) Glioblastoma C) Meningioma D) Brain abscess Answer: A) Chronic hydrocephalus
20. What imaging feature is characteristic of a cavernous malformation? A) Mulberry-like appearance with signal voids B) Hyperdense mass C) Hypointense area D) Ring-enhancing lesion Answer: A) Mulberry-like appearance with signal voids
21. What does the “swiss cheese” appearance on MRI often indicate? A) Glioblastoma B) Neurocysticercosis C) Meningioma D) Stroke Answer: B) Neurocysticercosis
22. What imaging modality is best for detecting small cerebral aneurysms? A) X-ray B) CT angiography C) MRI D) PET scan Answer: B) CT angiography
23. What is the typical appearance of a pituitary adenoma on MRI? A) Enlarged sella turcica with enhancing mass B) Calcified lesion C) Hyperintense area D) Ring-enhancing lesion Answer: A) Enlarged sella turcica with enhancing mass
24. What imaging feature suggests multiple sclerosis on MRI? A) Multiple hyperintense lesions in white matter B) Cortical atrophy C) Subcortical calcifications D) Normal signal intensity Answer: A) Multiple hyperintense lesions in white matter
25. What does the “hair-on-end” appearance on an MRI suggest? A) Glioblastoma B) Sickle cell disease C) Meningioma D) Stroke Answer: B) Sickle cell disease
26. What is the primary imaging feature of an epidural hematoma on CT? A) Biconvex hyperdensity B) Crescent-shaped hyperdensity C) Hypodense mass D) Fluid-filled cyst Answer: A) Biconvex hyperdensity
27. Which imaging technique is best for assessing brain function and activity? A) X-ray B) CT scan C) Functional MRI (fMRI) D) PET scan Answer: C) Functional MRI (fMRI)
28. What does the “hyperintense rim” on MRI suggest in a case of brain abscess? A) Inflammatory edema B) Tumor mass C) Calcification D) Normal brain tissue Answer: A) Inflammatory edema
29. What is the most common imaging modality for diagnosing a herniated disc? A) X-ray B) MRI C) CT scan D) PET scan Answer: B) MRI
30. What does the “subdural hygroma” on MRI often represent? A) Chronic subdural hemorrhage B) Acute hemorrhage C) Brain abscess D) Tumor mass Answer: A) Chronic subdural hemorrhage
31. What imaging feature is typical of a meningioma on MRI? A) Extra-axial mass with homogeneous enhancement B) Subcortical lesion C) Calcified cyst D) Ring-enhancing lesion Answer: A) Extra-axial mass with homogeneous enhancement
32. What does a “lacunar infarct” on an MRI indicate? A) Small deep brain infarct B) Large cortical infarct C) Subarachnoid hemorrhage D) Tumor mass Answer: A) Small deep brain infarct
33. What imaging modality is used to evaluate brain metabolism and function? A) X-ray B) PET scan C) CT scan D) MRI Answer: B) PET scan
34. What does a “signal void” on MRI typically represent? A) Hemorrhage or vascular structure B) Tumor mass C) Edema D) Calcification Answer: A) Hemorrhage or vascular structure
35. What is the typical appearance of an acute ischemic stroke on an MRI? A) Hyperintense on diffusion-weighted imaging B) Hypodense on T2-weighted imaging C) Hyperdense on CT D) Normal signal intensity Answer: A) Hyperintense on diffusion-weighted imaging
36. What does the “bilateral thalamic lesions” on an MRI often suggest? A) Metabolic or infectious process B) Tumor mass C) Subdural hematoma D) Cortical infarct Answer: A) Metabolic or infectious process
37. Which imaging feature is indicative of a glioblastoma multiforme? A) Heterogeneous enhancement with necrotic center B) Uniform enhancement C) Calcified lesion D) Normal brain tissue Answer: A) Heterogeneous enhancement with necrotic center
38. What is the characteristic appearance of a meningioma on CT? A) Hyperdense extra-axial mass B) Hypodense lesion C) Ring-enhancing mass D) Fluid-filled cyst Answer: A) Hyperdense extra-axial mass
39. What does the “starburst” pattern on an MRI often indicate? A) Meningioma with surrounding edema B) Glioblastoma C) Subdural hematoma D) Stroke Answer: A) Meningioma with surrounding edema
40. What imaging feature is characteristic of a brain abscess on CT? A) Ring-enhancing lesion with central necrosis B) Hypodense mass C) Hyperintense area D) Normal brain tissue Answer: A) Ring-enhancing lesion with central necrosis
41. What does the “white matter hyperintensities” on an MRI suggest in elderly patients? A) Chronic ischemia or small vessel disease B) Tumor mass C) Subdural hematoma D) Acute stroke Answer: A) Chronic ischemia or small vessel disease
42. What is the typical appearance of a pituitary microadenoma on MRI? A) Small enhancing lesion within the sella turcica B) Large cystic mass C) Hyperdense lesion D) Normal pituitary gland Answer: A) Small enhancing lesion within the sella turcica
43. What does the “double contour” sign on an MRI often represent? A) Multiple sclerosis plaques B) Subdural hematoma C) Brain abscess D) Meningioma Answer: A) Multiple sclerosis plaques
44. What imaging modality is best for detecting amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease? A) X-ray B) PET scan C) CT scan D) MRI Answer: B) PET scan
45. What does a “radiation-induced necrosis” look like on MRI? A) Central necrosis with surrounding enhancement B) Hyperintense lesion C) Hypodense mass D) Normal signal intensity Answer: A) Central necrosis with surrounding enhancement
46. What is the most common MRI finding in acute meningitis? A) Enhanced meningeal thickening B) Subcortical lesions C) Fluid-filled cyst D) Calcified mass Answer: A) Enhanced meningeal thickening
47. What imaging feature is typical of a non-contrast CT scan in detecting hydrocephalus? A) Enlarged ventricles B) Hyperdense mass C) Hypodense lesions D) Normal ventricle size Answer: A) Enlarged ventricles
48. What does the “cystic component with peripheral nodular enhancement” on MRI suggest? A) Ependymoma B) Glioblastoma C) Meningioma D) Metastatic disease Answer: A) Ependymoma
49. What imaging finding is characteristic of a brainstem glioma on MRI? A) Diffuse enhancement with expansion of the brainstem B) Subcortical lesion C) Ring-enhancing mass D) Calcified lesion Answer: A) Diffuse enhancement with expansion of the brainstem
50. What does the “dural tail sign” on an MRI often indicate? A) Meningioma B) Glioblastoma C) Subdural hematoma D) Hydrocephalus Answer: A) Meningioma
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