Endocrinology MCQs
1. Which gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pituitary gland
D) Pancreas
Answer: C) Pituitary gland
2. What hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?
A) Insulin
B) Thyroxine
C) Cortisol
D) Adrenaline
Answer: A) Insulin
3. Which condition is characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormones?
A) Hypothyroidism
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Addison’s disease
D) Cushing’s syndrome
Answer: B) Hyperthyroidism
4. What is the primary function of cortisol in the body?
A) Regulate metabolism
B) Control blood pressure
C) Regulate sleep-wake cycles
D) Manage stress response
Answer: D) Manage stress response
5. Which hormone is involved in regulating calcium levels in the blood?
A) Calcitonin
B) Insulin
C) Glucagon
D) Melatonin
Answer: A) Calcitonin
6. In which condition is there a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to excessive urination and thirst?
A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Diabetes insipidus
C) Cushing’s syndrome
D) Graves’ disease
Answer: B) Diabetes insipidus
7. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal medulla and is involved in the “fight or flight” response?
A) Cortisol
B) Epinephrine
C) Aldosterone
D) Insulin
Answer: B) Epinephrine
8. What is the main function of thyroid hormones?
A) Control the body’s metabolic rate
B) Regulate blood sugar levels
C) Manage calcium metabolism
D) Control reproductive functions
Answer: A) Control the body’s metabolic rate
9. Which condition results from an overproduction of growth hormone in adulthood, leading to enlarged hands, feet, and facial features?
A) Acromegaly
B) Gigantism
C) Dwarfism
D) Addison’s disease
Answer: A) Acromegaly
10. What is the main role of the hormone leptin?
A) Regulate sleep patterns
B) Control appetite and energy expenditure
C) Manage stress response
D) Stimulate bone growth
Answer: B) Control appetite and energy expenditure