Which type of bone is characterized by a dense outer layer and a spongy inner structure?
a) Long bone
b) Short bone
c) Flat bone
d) Irregular boneAnswer: a) Long bone
Which type of joint allows for the most range of motion, such as in the shoulder and hip?
a) Hinge joint
b) Pivot joint
c) Ball-and-socket joint
d) Saddle jointAnswer: c) Ball-and-socket joint
What is the primary function of the osteoblasts in bone tissue?
a) To break down bone matrix
b) To maintain bone matrix
c) To form new bone matrix
d) To store calciumAnswer: c) To form new bone matrix
Which bone is commonly referred to as the “collarbone”?
a) Clavicle
b) Scapula
c) Sternum
d) HumerusAnswer: a) Clavicle
The soft, gel-like center of an intervertebral disc is known as what?
a) Annulus fibrosus
b) Nucleus pulposus
c) Vertebral body
d) CartilageAnswer: b) Nucleus pulposus
Which type of bone cell is primarily responsible for the resorption of bone tissue?
a) Osteoblast
b) Osteocyte
c) Osteoclast
d) ChondrocyteAnswer: c) Osteoclast
Which bone is located in the forearm and is on the side of the thumb?
a) Radius
b) Ulna
c) Femur
d) TibiaAnswer: a) Radius
What is the name of the condition characterized by the loss of bone density and increased risk of fractures?
a) Osteomyelitis
b) Osteoporosis
c) Osteoarthritis
d) OsteosarcomaAnswer: b) Osteoporosis
Which bone forms the base of the skull and articulates with the cervical vertebrae?
a) Occipital bone
b) Temporal bone
c) Parietal bone
d) Frontal boneAnswer: a) Occipital bone
Which part of a long bone contains red bone marrow and is involved in blood cell production?
a) Diaphysis
b) Epiphysis
c) Metaphysis
d) PeriosteumAnswer: b) Epiphysis
Which bone is known as the “kneecap”?
a) Patella
b) Fibula
c) Tibia
d) FemurAnswer: a) Patella
Which type of joint is found between the bones of the skull?
a) Synovial joint
b) Cartilaginous joint
c) Fibrous joint
d) Ball-and-socket jointAnswer: c) Fibrous joint
Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption?
a) Calcitonin
b) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
c) Estrogen
d) InsulinAnswer: b) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
What is the name of the process by which bone is formed from cartilage in the developing skeleton?
a) Osteogenesis
b) Endochondral ossification
c) Intramembranous ossification
d) CalcificationAnswer: b) Endochondral ossification
Which bone structure is found at the end of a long bone and is covered by articular cartilage?
a) Epiphyseal line
b) Medullary cavity
c) Epiphysis
d) DiaphysisAnswer: c) Epiphysis
