By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: July 27, 2024
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
a) To digest food
b) To circulate blood
c) To exchange gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)
d) To regulate body temperatureAnswer: c) To exchange gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)
Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for sound production?
a) Trachea
b) Larynx
c) Bronchi
d) AlveoliAnswer: b) Larynx
What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?
a) Bronchioles
b) Trachea
c) Alveoli
d) PleuraAnswer: c) Alveoli
Which muscle is primarily responsible for breathing and separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?
a) Intercostal muscles
b) Diaphragm
c) Pectoralis major
d) SternocleidomastoidAnswer: b) Diaphragm
What is the role of surfactant in the respiratory system?
a) To protect the lungs from infection
b) To keep alveoli inflated by reducing surface tension
c) To filter out particles from the air
d) To transport oxygen in the bloodAnswer: b) To keep alveoli inflated by reducing surface tension
Which part of the brain controls the rate and depth of breathing?
a) Cerebellum
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Hypothalamus
d) ThalamusAnswer: b) Medulla oblongata
What is the term for the process of breathing in air?
a) Expiration
b) Inhalation
c) Ventilation
d) PerfusionAnswer: b) Inhalation
Which structure conducts air from the larynx to the bronchi?
a) Pharynx
b) Trachea
c) Esophagus
d) BronchiolesAnswer: b) Trachea
What is the primary gas exchanged in the alveoli of the lungs?
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Hydrogen
d) Carbon dioxideAnswer: b) Oxygen
Which of the following is a common symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
a) Rapid weight loss
b) Persistent cough and difficulty breathing
c) Severe headaches
d) Elevated blood pressureAnswer: b) Persistent cough and difficulty breathing
What is the term for the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum exhalation?
a) Vital capacity
b) Total lung capacity
c) Residual volume
d) Tidal volumeAnswer: c) Residual volume
Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity?
a) Pneumonia
b) Bronchitis
c) Pleural effusion
d) AsthmaAnswer: c) Pleural effusion
What is the term for the increased breathing rate often observed during exercise or stress?
a) Bradypnea
b) Tachypnea
c) Apnea
d) DyspneaAnswer: b) Tachypnea
Which gas is primarily responsible for stimulating the breathing rate based on its concentration in the blood?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) HydrogenAnswer: c) Carbon dioxide
In which part of the respiratory system does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood primarily occur?
a) Bronchi
b) Trachea
c) Alveoli
d) LarynxAnswer: c) Alveoli
