Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems – MCQs – EE

1. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
(A) Coal
(B) Natural Gas
(C) Solar Energy
(D) Nuclear Energy

2. Which form of energy is derived from the heat within the Earth?
(A) Geothermal Energy
(B) Biomass Energy
(C) Solar Thermal Energy
(D) Hydroelectric Energy

3. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
(A) Carbon Dioxide
(B) Methane
(C) Nitrogen
(D) Nitrous Oxide

4. The main component of biogas is:
(A) Carbon Dioxide
(B) Methane
(C) Hydrogen
(D) Sulfur Dioxide

5. The unit of solar radiation is measured in:
(A) Lux
(B) Joule
(C) W/m²
(D) Candela

6. Which device converts solar energy directly into electricity?
(A) Solar Collector
(B) Photovoltaic Cell
(C) Solar Heater
(D) Inverter

7. The main disadvantage of wind energy is:
(A) It is non-renewable
(B) It causes air pollution
(C) It is intermittent
(D) It requires fuel

8. Hydropower plants convert which type of energy into electricity?
(A) Kinetic Energy
(B) Potential Energy of Water
(C) Solar Energy
(D) Chemical Energy

9. Which of the following is an example of biomass energy?
(A) Wind
(B) Wood
(C) Sunlight
(D) Water

10. Which country is the world leader in wind energy generation?
(A) USA
(B) Germany
(C) China
(D) India

11. Which renewable energy source uses turbines and generators under the sea?
(A) Tidal Energy
(B) Solar Energy
(C) Geothermal Energy
(D) Biomass Energy

12. What is the main by-product of hydrogen fuel cells?
(A) Carbon Dioxide
(B) Methane
(C) Water
(D) Oxygen

13. Which of the following has the highest energy conversion efficiency?
(A) Coal Power Plant
(B) Wind Turbine
(C) Hydro Power Plant
(D) Solar PV Cell

14. What does CSP stand for in renewable energy?
(A) Concentrated Solar Power
(B) Central Solar Panel
(C) Controlled Sun Power
(D) Combined Solar Photovoltaic

15. Which type of solar collector is most efficient for high temperatures?
(A) Flat Plate Collector
(B) Evacuated Tube Collector
(C) Parabolic Trough Collector
(D) Solar Chimney

16. The process of converting sunlight into electricity is known as:
(A) Photosynthesis
(B) Photovoltaic Effect
(C) Thermal Conversion
(D) Catalytic Reaction

17. In a hydroelectric plant, water is stored in:
(A) Dam
(B) Reservoir
(C) Turbine
(D) Pump

18. Which renewable energy source is derived from organic matter?
(A) Biomass Energy
(B) Geothermal Energy
(C) Wind Energy
(D) Solar Energy

19. The world’s largest geothermal energy producer is:
(A) Japan
(B) USA
(C) Iceland
(D) Indonesia

20. Which type of energy has zero carbon emissions during operation?
(A) Wind Energy
(B) Biomass Energy
(C) Coal Energy
(D) Natural Gas Energy

21. The efficiency of a solar cell typically ranges between:
(A) 5–10%
(B) 10–25%
(C) 30–50%
(D) 60–80%

22. Which of the following storage systems is most suitable for solar energy?
(A) Flywheel
(B) Compressed Air
(C) Battery
(D) Thermal Storage

23. Which layer in a solar cell absorbs sunlight?
(A) Glass Cover
(B) Semiconductor Layer
(C) Metal Contact
(D) Back Sheet

24. The power output of a wind turbine depends mainly on:
(A) Blade Length
(B) Air Density
(C) Wind Speed
(D) All of the above

25. The main advantage of renewable energy sources is that they are:
(A) Expensive
(B) Sustainable
(C) Non-recyclable
(D) Hazardous

26. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) works on the temperature difference between:
(A) Land and Sea
(B) Surface Water and Deep Water
(C) Day and Night
(D) Summer and Winter

27. Which gas is primarily responsible for global warming?
(A) Oxygen
(B) Carbon Dioxide
(C) Hydrogen
(D) Nitrogen

28. The term “Net Metering” is associated with:
(A) Wind Energy Systems
(B) Solar Photovoltaic Systems
(C) Biomass Power
(D) Hydro Power

29. Which renewable energy source uses anaerobic digestion?
(A) Wind
(B) Biogas
(C) Solar
(D) Hydro

30. The ultimate source of almost all renewable energy on Earth is:
(A) The Moon
(B) The Sun
(C) The Ocean
(D) The Wind