Heap sort MCQs – T4Tutorials.com

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1. : What is the primary purpose of Heap Sort?
(A) To search for an element
(B) To sort an array
(C) To merge two arrays
(D) To partition data

2. : What is the time complexity of Heap Sort in the worst case?
(A) O(n)
(B) O(n log n)
(C) O(n^2)
(D) O(log n)

3. : Which data structure is used to implement Heap Sort?
(A) Stack
(B) Queue
(C) Heap
(D) Array

4. : What is the space complexity of Heap Sort?
(A) O(1)
(B) O(n)
(C) O(n log n)
(D) O(log n)

5. : How does Heap Sort differ from other sorting algorithms?
(A) It is not based on comparisons.
(B) It uses a divide and conquer approach.
(C) It builds a heap data structure.
(D) It is a stable sorting algorithm.

6. : What type of heap is commonly used in Heap Sort?
(A) Min-Heap
(B) Max-Heap
(C) Binary Tree
(D) Fibonacci Heap

7. : What is the main advantage of Heap Sort over Quick Sort?
(A) It is stable.
(B) It does not require additional memory.
(C) It has better worst-case performance.
(D) It is faster on average.

8. : What is the first step in the Heap Sort algorithm?
(A) Sorting the array
(B) Building the heap
(C) Performing the merge
(D) Partitioning the array

9. : In a Max-Heap, which of the following statements is true?
(A) The parent node is less than or equal to its children.
(B) The parent node is greater than or equal to its children.
(C) All nodes have two children.
(D) It is a complete binary tree.

10. : What happens during the heapify process?
(A) The heap is sorted.
(B) The heap property is restored.
(C) The array is merged.
(D) Elements are randomly shuffled.

11. : What is the effect of using a Min-Heap in Heap Sort?
(A) It results in sorting in ascending order.
(B) It results in sorting in descending order.
(C) It makes the algorithm unstable.
(D) It has no effect on the sorting order.

12. : What is the time complexity of building a heap?
(A) O(n)
(B) O(n log n)
(C) O(log n)
(D) O(n^2)

13. : Which of the following best describes the overall process of Heap Sort?
(A) Build a heap, extract elements, and then sort.
(B) Build a tree, perform an in-order traversal.
(C) Sort by repeatedly swapping adjacent elements.
(D) Merge sorted arrays.

14. : What is the maximum height of a binary heap?
(A) O(1)
(B) O(log n)
(C) O(n)
(D) O(n log n)

15. : Which of the following is not a property of a heap?
(A) Complete binary tree
(B) Parent is greater than children in Max-Heap
(C) Parent is less than children in Min-Heap
(D) The height can be less than log n

16. : What will be the output of Heap Sort on the array [4, 10, 3, 5, 1]?
(A) [10, 5, 4, 3, 1]
(B) [1, 3, 4, 5, 10]
(C) [10, 4, 5, 3, 1]
(D) [1, 4, 3, 5, 10]

17. : In Heap Sort, what is done after the heap is built?
(A) The elements are added to the heap.
(B) The largest element is extracted and placed in sorted order.
(C) The array is divided into subarrays.
(D) The heap is merged with another heap.

18. : What type of sorting algorithm is Heap Sort classified as?
(A) Comparison-based sorting
(B) Non-comparison based sorting
(C) Adaptive sorting
(D) Hybrid sorting

19. : Which step is repeated until the heap is empty in Heap Sort?
(A) Merging
(B) Heapifying
(C) Extracting the maximum
(D) Building the heap

20. : What is the purpose of the “sift down” operation in Heap Sort?
(A) To build the heap
(B) To restore the heap property
(C) To merge two heaps
(D) To sort the array

21. : Which of the following statements about Heap Sort is true?
(A) It is a stable sorting algorithm.
(B) It is an in-place sorting algorithm.
(C) It is inefficient for large datasets.
(D) It can sort linked lists efficiently.

22. : How is the time complexity of Heap Sort affected by the size of the input?
(A) It increases linearly with the size.
(B) It is constant regardless of input size.
(C) It increases logarithmically with the size.
(D) It increases proportionally to n log n.

23. : What is the primary disadvantage of Heap Sort compared to Quick Sort?
(A) It requires more space.
(B) It is always slower.
(C) It is not stable.
(D) It cannot handle large datasets.

24. : Which of the following operations is not performed in Heap Sort?
(A) Building the heap
(B) Extracting the maximum
(C) Merging two heaps
(D) Restoring heap property

25. : What will be the output of applying Heap Sort on the array [8, 4, 7, 3, 2]?
(A) [2, 3, 4, 7, 8]
(B) [8, 7, 4, 3, 2]
(C) [3, 4, 7, 8, 2]
(D) [2, 4, 3, 7, 8]

26. : What is the initial step in the Heap Sort algorithm?
(A) Extracting elements
(B) Heapifying the array
(C) Merging two sorted arrays
(D) Finding the median

27. : In a Min-Heap, which statement is true?
(A) The parent node is greater than its children.
(B) The parent node is less than its children.
(C) It is not a complete binary tree.
(D) It can have missing nodes.

28. : How does the performance of Heap Sort compare to Merge Sort in practice?
(A) Heap Sort is generally faster.
(B) Merge Sort is generally faster.
(C) They perform equally well in all scenarios.
(D) It depends on the specific implementation.

29. : What is the effect of using a binary heap for sorting?
(A) It allows for quicker search operations.
(B) It provides a method for in-place sorting.
(C) It guarantees a stable sort.
(D) It allows for parallel processing.

30. : What is the process of “sifting up” in a heap?
(A) Adding a new element to the heap
(B) Removing the maximum element
(C) Adjusting the heap after insertion
(D) Sorting the elements

31. : What happens to the structure of a heap during Heap Sort?
(A) It becomes unbalanced.
(B) It is preserved.
(C) It is destroyed.
(D) It is rebuilt from scratch.

32. : Which of the following sorting algorithms is not comparison-based?
(A) Heap Sort
(B) Quick Sort
(C) Counting Sort
(D) Merge Sort

33. : What is a key factor in determining the efficiency of Heap Sort?
(A) Choice of data structure
(B) Input data size
(C) Memory allocation
(D) Pivot selection

34. : Which operation is required to convert an array into a heap?
(A) Heapify
(B) Partition
(C) Merge
(D) Sort

35. : What kind of trees are heaps?
(A) Full binary trees
(B) Complete binary trees
(C) Balanced binary trees
(D) Degenerate trees

36. : How is the root node in a Max-Heap related to its children?
(A) It is less than both children.
(B) It is equal to one child and greater than the other.
(C) It is greater than or equal to both children.
(D) It has no relation.

37. : What is the effect of reducing the size of the heap during Heap Sort?
(A) It improves performance.
(B) It has no effect.
(C) It increases complexity.
(D) It helps maintain the heap property.

38. : In Heap Sort, what is done after the largest element is extracted from the heap?
(A) The heap is rebuilt.
(B) The remaining elements are sorted.
(C) The heap property is restored.
(D) The sorted array is finalized.

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Heap sort MCQs
By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: May 15, 2025

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