Comparison between Apoenzyme and Holoenzyme

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: February 3, 2024

 

Let me share with you a comparison between Apoenzyme and Holoenzyme.

Aspect Apoenzyme Holoenzyme
Introduction Inactive enzyme without its cofactor. Active enzyme with its cofactor.
Need of cofactor Requires a cofactor for activation. Contains the necessary cofactor for its activity.
Activity Inactive or has significantly reduced activity. Active and capable of catalyzing reactions.
Composition Protein component only. Protein component (apoprotein) + Cofactor (coenzyme or metal ion) = Holoenzyme.
Activation Becomes active upon binding with a cofactor. Constitutively active due to cofactor presence.
Role Serves as a precursor to the active enzyme. Represents the fully functional, catalytically active form of the enzyme.
Regulation Regulation often involves the addition of cofactors to convert apoenzyme to holoenzyme. Regulation may involve changes in cofactor availability or modulation of holoenzyme activity.
Examples ·        Apo-cytochrome c

·        Apo-ribonuclease

·        Holo-cytochrome c (with heme)

·        Holo-ribonuclease (with zinc ion)

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